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<p>Vascular inflammation is involved in the pathophysiology of post-stroke cognitive impairment. We aimed to assess whether blood-based biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), are associated with cognitive function over time in a prospective cohort of first-ever ischemic stroke patients. Data were obtained from the Prospective Cohort with Incident Stroke Berlin (NCT01363856). Cognitive function was assessed with the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status–modified (TICS-m) at 1 to 3 years of follow-up. Associations of baseline levels of IL-6, VCAM-1, and TNF-α with cognitive function over time were estimated using a linear mixed model adjusted for demographics, education, vascular risk factors, stroke severity, ischemic stroke subtype, and severity of white matter hyperintensity. We included 570 patients with mild-to-moderate ischemic stroke and baseline data on biomarker levels. The mean age was 67 (± 12 SD), 38.6% were female, and the median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was 2 (IQR 1–4). Frequency of cognitive impairment defined as TICS-m score ≤ 31 was 21.9% at year one, 15.4% at year two, and 11.6% at year three. Higher log-transformed levels of IL-6 and VCAM-1 were associated with lower TICS-m scores over time in the adjusted linear mixed model including white matter hyperintensity burden (IL-6: <i>β</i> = −2.0, 95% CI −3.3 to −0.7, <i>p</i> = 0.003; VCAM-1: <i>β</i> = −4.1, 95% CI −7.3 to −1.0, <i>p</i> = 0.01). In patients with mild-to-moderate first-ever ischemic stroke, higher baseline levels of IL-6 and VCAM-1 were associated with lower Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status–modified during 3 years of follow-up.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01363856</p>

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Associations of Soluble Inflammatory and Endothelial Activation Biomarkers with Cognitive Function Over Three Years After Ischemic Stroke—PROSCIS-B

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月8日

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  • Naomi K. Giesers,
  • Viktoria Schaeff,
  • Karen Gertz,
  • Matthias Endres,
  • Thomas G. Liman

摘要

Vascular inflammation is involved in the pathophysiology of post-stroke cognitive impairment. We aimed to assess whether blood-based biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), are associated with cognitive function over time in a prospective cohort of first-ever ischemic stroke patients. Data were obtained from the Prospective Cohort with Incident Stroke Berlin (NCT01363856). Cognitive function was assessed with the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status–modified (TICS-m) at 1 to 3 years of follow-up. Associations of baseline levels of IL-6, VCAM-1, and TNF-α with cognitive function over time were estimated using a linear mixed model adjusted for demographics, education, vascular risk factors, stroke severity, ischemic stroke subtype, and severity of white matter hyperintensity. We included 570 patients with mild-to-moderate ischemic stroke and baseline data on biomarker levels. The mean age was 67 (± 12 SD), 38.6% were female, and the median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was 2 (IQR 1–4). Frequency of cognitive impairment defined as TICS-m score ≤ 31 was 21.9% at year one, 15.4% at year two, and 11.6% at year three. Higher log-transformed levels of IL-6 and VCAM-1 were associated with lower TICS-m scores over time in the adjusted linear mixed model including white matter hyperintensity burden (IL-6: β = −2.0, 95% CI −3.3 to −0.7, p = 0.003; VCAM-1: β = −4.1, 95% CI −7.3 to −1.0, p = 0.01). In patients with mild-to-moderate first-ever ischemic stroke, higher baseline levels of IL-6 and VCAM-1 were associated with lower Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status–modified during 3 years of follow-up.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01363856