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<p>Enhancing common bean productivity in western Ethiopia requires understanding genetic variability and trait interrelationships for the Bako region’s specific agro-ecology. This study assessed twenty common bean varieties using a randomized complete block design with three replications at Bako Agricultural Research Center during 2024. Data on eleven agronomic traits were analyzed using variance, genetic parameters, correlation, path analysis, and disease scoring. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.01) among varieties for all traits. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were observed for hundred seed weight (32.91%, 34.64%), seed yield (30.30%, 42.85%), and pods per plant (27.72%, 35.29%). Hundred seed weight exhibited high heritability (90.22%) with high genetic advance (64.27%), indicating additive gene action and effective direct selection. Seed yield showed significant positive correlations with pods per plant, seeds per pod, and hundred seed weight. Path analysis identified seeds per pod (0.0935) and pods per plant (0.0131) as having the highest positive direct effects on yield. A suppressor effect was observed for seed yield per plant (rg = 0.714**, direct effect = − 0.0272). Disease screening identified common bacterial blight (mean 5.23) and angular leaf spot (mean 4.68) as prevalent. Based on multi-trait evaluation, Hawassa dume (1,611&#xa0;kg/ha), Tabor (1,598&#xa0;kg/ha), and Awash-2 (1,479&#xa0;kg/ha) are recommended for production and as parents for breeding programs targeting Bako and similar agro-ecologies. Region-specific trait thresholds include yield &gt; 1,200&#xa0;kg/ha, maturity 85–95 days, seed size &gt; 25&#xa0;g, and CBB score &lt; 5.0. A hierarchical selection strategy is proposed: early selection for hundred seed weight, followed by index selection. As a single-environment study, multi-location validation is required before broad generalization.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Genetic diversity, character association, and path analysis for yield improvement in ethiopian common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • Terefu Regassa Tolani,
  • Usman Mohammed Ali,
  • Alemu Beyene,
  • Mukul Machhindra Barwant

摘要

Enhancing common bean productivity in western Ethiopia requires understanding genetic variability and trait interrelationships for the Bako region’s specific agro-ecology. This study assessed twenty common bean varieties using a randomized complete block design with three replications at Bako Agricultural Research Center during 2024. Data on eleven agronomic traits were analyzed using variance, genetic parameters, correlation, path analysis, and disease scoring. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) among varieties for all traits. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were observed for hundred seed weight (32.91%, 34.64%), seed yield (30.30%, 42.85%), and pods per plant (27.72%, 35.29%). Hundred seed weight exhibited high heritability (90.22%) with high genetic advance (64.27%), indicating additive gene action and effective direct selection. Seed yield showed significant positive correlations with pods per plant, seeds per pod, and hundred seed weight. Path analysis identified seeds per pod (0.0935) and pods per plant (0.0131) as having the highest positive direct effects on yield. A suppressor effect was observed for seed yield per plant (rg = 0.714**, direct effect = − 0.0272). Disease screening identified common bacterial blight (mean 5.23) and angular leaf spot (mean 4.68) as prevalent. Based on multi-trait evaluation, Hawassa dume (1,611 kg/ha), Tabor (1,598 kg/ha), and Awash-2 (1,479 kg/ha) are recommended for production and as parents for breeding programs targeting Bako and similar agro-ecologies. Region-specific trait thresholds include yield > 1,200 kg/ha, maturity 85–95 days, seed size > 25 g, and CBB score < 5.0. A hierarchical selection strategy is proposed: early selection for hundred seed weight, followed by index selection. As a single-environment study, multi-location validation is required before broad generalization.

Graphical Abstract