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<p>Phosphorus is an essential element in numerous metabolic reactions and signaling pathways for improving the genetic potential of the crop. However, the molecular details of these pathways in bread wheat and the seedling stage remain largely unknown. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed using 64 Iranian spring bread wheat cultivars to detect candidate genes in response to low-phosphorus stress under greenhouse condition. We identified significant phenotypic differences for dry weight of seedlings under both normal (Yp) and low-phosphorus stress (Ys) conditions at the 5% and 1% probability levels, respectively. Based on the results of principal component analysis and cluster analysis, ARVAND, KARIM, GOLESTAN, ROSHAN, TAJAN, PISHGAM, HAMOON, BISTON, and SISTAN were the most desirable cultivars. Through GWAS with 36,145 informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 139 marker-trait associations (MTA) were detected. The K2STI index showed the highest number of MTAs with twenty-two MTAs on chromosomes 1&#xa0;A, 1B, 2B, 6&#xa0;A, 6D, and 7&#xa0;A. In the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, a total of 21 candidate genes were identified, which are mainly active in biological processes including protein phosphorylation and intracellular protein transport, molecular function including protein kinase activity and protein serine/threonine kinase activity, and cellular component including cytoplasm and membrane coat, and are involved in the ribosome biogenesis pathway in eukaryotes. These candidate genes have unique regulatory roles that affect plant tolerance to low-phosphorus stress. These findings may provide further insights into the molecular changes underlying wheat seedling adaptation to phosphorus deficiency in breeding and genetic engineering programs.</p>

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Evaluation of tolerance to low-phosphorus stress using genome-wide association studies for tolerance indices in the seedling stage of Iranian spring bread wheat cultivars

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月27日

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  • Shima Seyvani Nezhad,
  • Hadi Alipour,
  • Reza Darvishzadeh

摘要

Phosphorus is an essential element in numerous metabolic reactions and signaling pathways for improving the genetic potential of the crop. However, the molecular details of these pathways in bread wheat and the seedling stage remain largely unknown. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed using 64 Iranian spring bread wheat cultivars to detect candidate genes in response to low-phosphorus stress under greenhouse condition. We identified significant phenotypic differences for dry weight of seedlings under both normal (Yp) and low-phosphorus stress (Ys) conditions at the 5% and 1% probability levels, respectively. Based on the results of principal component analysis and cluster analysis, ARVAND, KARIM, GOLESTAN, ROSHAN, TAJAN, PISHGAM, HAMOON, BISTON, and SISTAN were the most desirable cultivars. Through GWAS with 36,145 informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 139 marker-trait associations (MTA) were detected. The K2STI index showed the highest number of MTAs with twenty-two MTAs on chromosomes 1 A, 1B, 2B, 6 A, 6D, and 7 A. In the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, a total of 21 candidate genes were identified, which are mainly active in biological processes including protein phosphorylation and intracellular protein transport, molecular function including protein kinase activity and protein serine/threonine kinase activity, and cellular component including cytoplasm and membrane coat, and are involved in the ribosome biogenesis pathway in eukaryotes. These candidate genes have unique regulatory roles that affect plant tolerance to low-phosphorus stress. These findings may provide further insights into the molecular changes underlying wheat seedling adaptation to phosphorus deficiency in breeding and genetic engineering programs.