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<p>The development of bread wheat varieties is crucial for enhancing both productivity and product quality in Ethiopia, a goal that can be achieved through insights derived from pre-breeding activities. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation and path coefficient analysis among 49 bread wheat genotypes across 17 quantitative traits. The experiment was conducted at the Dabat and Debark research stations of the Gondar Agricultural Research Center during the main cropping season of 2022, employing a 7 × 7 simple lattice design. Grain yield exhibited positive and highly significant genotypic and phenotypic correlations (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01) with traits such as harvest index, hectoliter weight, starch content, thousand kernel weight, number of kernels per spike, days to maturity, grain filling period, and number of spikelets per spike. The genotypic correlation coefficients were greater for all traits significantly correlated with grain yield than the corresponding phenotypic correlation coefficients, indicating an inherent association of these characters. Consequently, selection for these traits could enhance grain yield. The genotypic path analysis revealed that the grain filling period had the highest positive direct effect on grain yield (0.975), followed by biomass yield (0.373). At the phenotypic level, the harvest index had the highest positive direct effect on grain yield (0.787), followed by grain protein content (0.610). Principal components (PCs) with Eigenvalues greater than 1 accounted for 79.00% of the total variation among genotypes. Therefore, these traits should be prioritized in bread wheat breeding programs aimed at yield improvement.</p>

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Correlation and path coefficient analysis for yield and yield related traits and quality traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes in north gondar, Ethiopia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月7日

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  • Yohannes Azene Alemu,
  • Mestawut Adane Tassew,
  • Alemu Abate Asfaw

摘要

The development of bread wheat varieties is crucial for enhancing both productivity and product quality in Ethiopia, a goal that can be achieved through insights derived from pre-breeding activities. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation and path coefficient analysis among 49 bread wheat genotypes across 17 quantitative traits. The experiment was conducted at the Dabat and Debark research stations of the Gondar Agricultural Research Center during the main cropping season of 2022, employing a 7 × 7 simple lattice design. Grain yield exhibited positive and highly significant genotypic and phenotypic correlations (p ≤ 0.01) with traits such as harvest index, hectoliter weight, starch content, thousand kernel weight, number of kernels per spike, days to maturity, grain filling period, and number of spikelets per spike. The genotypic correlation coefficients were greater for all traits significantly correlated with grain yield than the corresponding phenotypic correlation coefficients, indicating an inherent association of these characters. Consequently, selection for these traits could enhance grain yield. The genotypic path analysis revealed that the grain filling period had the highest positive direct effect on grain yield (0.975), followed by biomass yield (0.373). At the phenotypic level, the harvest index had the highest positive direct effect on grain yield (0.787), followed by grain protein content (0.610). Principal components (PCs) with Eigenvalues greater than 1 accounted for 79.00% of the total variation among genotypes. Therefore, these traits should be prioritized in bread wheat breeding programs aimed at yield improvement.