Autonome Neuromodulation in der Orthopädie: Vagusnerv-Stimulation als mögliche Therapieoption
摘要
Knee osteoarthritis and degenerative spine conditions are among the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders. Beyond degenerative changes, both entities are associated with chronic pain, low-grade systemic inflammation, and autonomic dysfunction characterized by relative sympathetic dominance. Targeted modulation of anti-inflammatory and analgesic parasympathetic pathways through vagus nerve stimulation therefore represents a promising therapeutic approach. Initial pilot studies investigating vagus nerve stimulation in knee osteoarthritis and degenerative spine conditions have demonstrated encouraging preliminary effects, particularly with respect to pain reduction. However, the current body of evidence remains heterogeneous. A key challenge for future research is thus to establish an optimal balance between standardized stimulation protocols and individualized application.