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<p>Benign tumors and tumor-like lesions of the bone are frequently initially diagnosed as incidental findings on X‑rays. The X‑ray alone provides initial valuable information concerning the growth pattern—and thus aggressive potential—of the lesion in question. The most common classification of suspicious bone lesions on X‑ray is the Lodwick classification. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computer tomography are nowadays usually added. For many osseous lesions discovered as incidental findings on plain radiographs, differential diagnoses may be reached based on their location (e.g., epiphyseal, diaphyseal) and matrix (e.g., calcifications, “ground-glass-like”). Cortex erosions, periosteal reactions, a&#xa0;heterogeneous matrix, perifocal edema zones, and extraosseous components (with the latter two visible on MRI) are general “red flags” that should prompt further diagnostic work-up and early referral to a&#xa0;bone cancer center.</p>

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月7日

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  • Maria Anna Smolle,
  • Andreas Leithner

摘要

Benign tumors and tumor-like lesions of the bone are frequently initially diagnosed as incidental findings on X‑rays. The X‑ray alone provides initial valuable information concerning the growth pattern—and thus aggressive potential—of the lesion in question. The most common classification of suspicious bone lesions on X‑ray is the Lodwick classification. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computer tomography are nowadays usually added. For many osseous lesions discovered as incidental findings on plain radiographs, differential diagnoses may be reached based on their location (e.g., epiphyseal, diaphyseal) and matrix (e.g., calcifications, “ground-glass-like”). Cortex erosions, periosteal reactions, a heterogeneous matrix, perifocal edema zones, and extraosseous components (with the latter two visible on MRI) are general “red flags” that should prompt further diagnostic work-up and early referral to a bone cancer center.