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<p>The hawksbill turtle <i>Eretmochelys imbricata</i> is distributed in the global tropical areas. Despite being listed as a “critically endangered” species by the IUCN, the illegal trafficking of <i>E. imbricata</i> shell products is reported worldwide as highly profitable. In the study, we used non-invasive sequencing of mitochondrial COI DNA to characterize tortoiseshell products provided by the law enforcement. Genetic analysis of a consensus of 167&#xa0;bp sequences indicated that the 86 samples belonged to three distinct haplotypes in <i>E. imbricata</i>. Two haplotypes joined the reference sequences (Refs) originated from the Indo-Pacific stock (PS), i.e. P1 (<i>n</i> = 25; 8 Refs) and P2 (<i>n</i> = 13; 3 Refs) and the other one joined 20 Refs from the Atlantic stock (AS), i.e. A1 (<i>n</i> = 48; 20 Refs). An additional haplotype, A2 (<i>n</i> = 0; 3 Refs) occurred in AS. The K-2-P distance between stocks (3.97%±1.53%) was substantially higher than the ones within stocks (PS, 0.27%±0.28%; AS, 0.05%±0.05%). Bayesian structure analysis justified an assignment of four posteriori clusters, corresponding to the 4 haplotypes, P1 and P2 in PS and A1 and A2 in AS. This non-invasive sampling-based DNA analysis provided a time-efficient and cost-effective way for accurate identification of the species and stock origin of tortoiseshells and for assistance in combating the illegal trafficking of hawksbill turtle products.</p>

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Non-invasive DNA analysis combats the illegal trafficking of hawksbill turtle shell products

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月18日

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  • Zibin Liang,
  • Jian Chen,
  • Shan Tong,
  • Rex Edmund,
  • Yongjiu Chen

摘要

The hawksbill turtle Eretmochelys imbricata is distributed in the global tropical areas. Despite being listed as a “critically endangered” species by the IUCN, the illegal trafficking of E. imbricata shell products is reported worldwide as highly profitable. In the study, we used non-invasive sequencing of mitochondrial COI DNA to characterize tortoiseshell products provided by the law enforcement. Genetic analysis of a consensus of 167 bp sequences indicated that the 86 samples belonged to three distinct haplotypes in E. imbricata. Two haplotypes joined the reference sequences (Refs) originated from the Indo-Pacific stock (PS), i.e. P1 (n = 25; 8 Refs) and P2 (n = 13; 3 Refs) and the other one joined 20 Refs from the Atlantic stock (AS), i.e. A1 (n = 48; 20 Refs). An additional haplotype, A2 (n = 0; 3 Refs) occurred in AS. The K-2-P distance between stocks (3.97%±1.53%) was substantially higher than the ones within stocks (PS, 0.27%±0.28%; AS, 0.05%±0.05%). Bayesian structure analysis justified an assignment of four posteriori clusters, corresponding to the 4 haplotypes, P1 and P2 in PS and A1 and A2 in AS. This non-invasive sampling-based DNA analysis provided a time-efficient and cost-effective way for accurate identification of the species and stock origin of tortoiseshells and for assistance in combating the illegal trafficking of hawksbill turtle products.