Objective <p>Retroperitoneal sarcomas are located in the retroperitoneum, characterized by a low incidence rate but a high degree of aggressiveness. Currently, surgery stands as the only curative treatment. This literature aims to employ a bibliometric analysis to systematically evaluate the research hotspots and trends in retroperitoneal sarcomas surgery.</p> Methods <p>Authors retrieved publications related to retroperitoneal sarcomas surgery from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and PubMed databases spanning the period from 2005 to 2024. Subsequently, R, VOSviewer and CiteSpace software were employed to conduct bibliometric and visual analysis on the included publications.</p> Results <p>A total of 689 publications were included from 203 countries/regions and 2678 institutions. The United States had the highest number of publications, and Fdn IRCCS Ist Nazl Tumori is the top research institutions. The most frequently co-cited keywords were “soft tissue sarcoma”, “management” and “survival”. The research themes over the past decade have primarily centered around "management", "prognostic factors" and "inferior vena cava".</p> Conclusions <p>This study utilized three widely recognized bibliometric software tools to conduct a bibliometric analysis on retroperitoneal sarcomas surgery. The results emphasize the significance of precise diagnosis, vascular reconstruction and prognostic factors, providing practical information for other scholars to understand key directions and frontier information in this field.</p>