Purpose <p>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with poor outcomes. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), linking monoclonal antibodies to cytotoxic payloads, show promise as targeted therapies. Despite growing interest, bibliometric studies on ADCs in TNBC are limited. This study aims to fill this gap by identifying key research trends, emerging areas, and clinical applications within the field of ADCs in TNBC.</p> Methods <p>A comprehensive search of 492 publications on ADCs for TNBC, published between 2010 and 2024, was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection. Bibliometric analysis was performed using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Bibliometrix, and core journals were identified via Bradford’s Law.</p> Results <p>The analysis revealed a continuous and steady increase in the number of articles published in this field over the past decade. Significant advancements in this field have been achieved by the United States, with Harvard Medical School being the most prolific institution, publishing 40 papers. Dr. A. Bardia from the United States was identified as the leading author, with 28 articles. The journal “Cancer Research” emerged as the most cited publication. By utilizing keyword co-occurrence and clustering analyses, current studies have pinpointed treatment strategies and diseases prognosis as key areas of focus. The dual-map overlay of journals indicates a gradual shift in research trends from biochemistry and genetic studies to immunology and clinical research. The development of next-generation ADCs (e.g., <i>Dato-DXd</i>, <i>SKB264</i>) holds the potential to transform TNBC therapeutics, particularly for tumors with heterogeneous target expression.</p> Conclusion <p>This study provides valuable insights into the current research status, recent advancements, and emerging trends in ADCs for TNBC, offering data support for the precise classification and treatment of TNBC.</p>