Objectives <p>Chanting – continually repeating a chosen sound while passively disregarding any distractions – is positively associated with well-being, yet its specific mechanisms and optimal conditions remain unclear. This study examines three elements of chanting (i.e., vocalization, repetition, and concentration), their effects on subjective well-being (SWB), and the mediating roles of rumination, flow, and mystical states of consciousness.</p> Method <p>In a 2x2x2 mixed factorial design, participants (N=248) were randomly assigned to one of four between-subjects conditions (vocal vs. silent, repeated vs. variable sounds) with within-group variation from Week 1 to Week 2 (no-prompt vs. high-concentration prompt). We hypothesized that participants in conditions with more of the three chanting elements would report higher SWB, lower heart and respiration rates, a more immersive chanting experience, reduced rumination, more flow, and more mystical states. We used multilevel modeling to test which conditions lead to changes in SWB and mediators.&#xa0;</p> Results <p>Chanting increased SWB and immersion over the 2-week intervention, particularly in the concentration condition. Furthermore, when participants chanted with concentration, mystical states partially mediated the relation between chanting and heart rate. Chanting was not significantly associated with changes in heart or respiration rates overall, and vocalization and repetition were not associated with differences in SWB. Additionally, neither rumination nor flow mediated the effects of chanting on SWB.</p> Conclusions <p>This study highlights the potential role of chanting in fostering well-being and illuminates its psychological and physiological processes. By isolating specific elements of chanting, this study provides the first experimental evidence of how chanting may affect well-being.</p>