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Objectives <p>Integrating mindfulness into exercise routines has been demonstrated to yield psychological and physiological advantages. This study sought to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of mindfulness-enhanced Tai Chi (MTC) and mindfulness-enhanced resistance training (MR) on mental and physical health outcomes among female college students, as compared to traditional Tai Chi (TTC) and traditional resistance training (TR).</p> Methods <p>One hundred female college students were recruited and randomly assigned to four intervention groups: MTC, MR, TTC, and TR. Participants engaged in a 90-min weekly exercise session spanning a 24-session period. Assessments encompassed validated measures of mindfulness, self-esteem, well-being, and health-promoting behaviors, alongside physical tests to evaluate participants’ physical fitness levels.</p> Results <p>Mixed ANOVAs revealed statistically significant Group × Time interaction effects for all primary and secondary outcomes, including mindfulness, self-esteem, physical fitness, health-promoting lifestyles, and well-being. Post hoc analyses indicated that the MTC and MR groups demonstrated significantly greater improvements from baseline to post-intervention compared to the TTC and TR groups, with the most substantial benefits observed in the MTC and MR conditions.</p> Conclusions <p>The results indicate that both MTC and MR interventions have a positive effect on mental health and fitness, highlighting the efficacy of Mindfulness-Enhanced Exercise Training (MEET). Further research is warranted to investigate MEET’s application across various populations to evaluate its broader applicability and impact.</p> Preregistration <p>The trial was prospectively registered prior to the start of the intervention on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR). Website: <a href="https://www.chictr.org.cn">https://www.chictr.org.cn</a> (ChiCTR2200058449).</p>

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Effects of Mindfulness-Enhanced Tai Chi and Resistance Training on Mental and Physical Health Among Female College Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月11日

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  • Ping Qu,
  • Honghao Deng,
  • Jingsi Wen,
  • Feng Pan,
  • Ting Zhu,
  • Fangbin Li,
  • Yuyin Wang

摘要

Objectives

Integrating mindfulness into exercise routines has been demonstrated to yield psychological and physiological advantages. This study sought to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of mindfulness-enhanced Tai Chi (MTC) and mindfulness-enhanced resistance training (MR) on mental and physical health outcomes among female college students, as compared to traditional Tai Chi (TTC) and traditional resistance training (TR).

Methods

One hundred female college students were recruited and randomly assigned to four intervention groups: MTC, MR, TTC, and TR. Participants engaged in a 90-min weekly exercise session spanning a 24-session period. Assessments encompassed validated measures of mindfulness, self-esteem, well-being, and health-promoting behaviors, alongside physical tests to evaluate participants’ physical fitness levels.

Results

Mixed ANOVAs revealed statistically significant Group × Time interaction effects for all primary and secondary outcomes, including mindfulness, self-esteem, physical fitness, health-promoting lifestyles, and well-being. Post hoc analyses indicated that the MTC and MR groups demonstrated significantly greater improvements from baseline to post-intervention compared to the TTC and TR groups, with the most substantial benefits observed in the MTC and MR conditions.

Conclusions

The results indicate that both MTC and MR interventions have a positive effect on mental health and fitness, highlighting the efficacy of Mindfulness-Enhanced Exercise Training (MEET). Further research is warranted to investigate MEET’s application across various populations to evaluate its broader applicability and impact.

Preregistration

The trial was prospectively registered prior to the start of the intervention on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR). Website: https://www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2200058449).