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<p>Biogenic nanocomposites are a promising area of advanced materials research, offering multifunctional properties for environmental remediation and antimicrobial therapy, and represent a sustainable frontier. In this study, metabolites from the lichen <i>Parmotrema nilgherrense</i> were used to produce stable Se-CuO nanocomposites with an optical bandgap of 3.12&#xa0;eV and a negative surface charge (− 38.2 mV). Structural analysis confirmed phase purity and the presence of a bio-organic capping layer. Photocatalytic evaluation under natural sunlight showed that Congo Red (CR) and Methyl Red (MR) were efficiently degraded by 88.16% and 95.05% within 135 and 120&#xa0;min, respectively. Kinetic analysis confirmed pseudo-first-order behavior, with rate constants of ~ 0.016&#xa0;min⁻¹ (CR) and ~ 0.017&#xa0;min⁻¹ (MR, post-induction phase). The improved performance is attributed to effective interfacial charge-carrier separation and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that mineralize azo chromophores into harmless final products. Antimicrobial assays demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and <i>C. glabrata</i>, with results comparable to or better than conventional antibiotic activity in certain instances. The combination of the metallic core and lichen metabolites highlights the dual role of the Se-CuO nanocomposite as an efficient photocatalytic agent and a green antimicrobial agent. All of these results indicate that biogenic Se-CuO nanocomposites are promising materials for sustainable wastewater treatment and biomedical applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Biogenic Se-CuO Nanocomposites from Lichen Parmotrema nilgherrense: Structural Insights, Photocatalytic Performance, and Antimicrobial Potential

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Shivani Bhandari,
  • Priya Bisht,
  • Radhika Pundir,
  • Rishika Tomar,
  • Sneha Bisht,
  • Pramod Rawat,
  • Avinash Sharma,
  • Rupak Nagraik,
  • Nilay Singh

摘要

Biogenic nanocomposites are a promising area of advanced materials research, offering multifunctional properties for environmental remediation and antimicrobial therapy, and represent a sustainable frontier. In this study, metabolites from the lichen Parmotrema nilgherrense were used to produce stable Se-CuO nanocomposites with an optical bandgap of 3.12 eV and a negative surface charge (− 38.2 mV). Structural analysis confirmed phase purity and the presence of a bio-organic capping layer. Photocatalytic evaluation under natural sunlight showed that Congo Red (CR) and Methyl Red (MR) were efficiently degraded by 88.16% and 95.05% within 135 and 120 min, respectively. Kinetic analysis confirmed pseudo-first-order behavior, with rate constants of ~ 0.016 min⁻¹ (CR) and ~ 0.017 min⁻¹ (MR, post-induction phase). The improved performance is attributed to effective interfacial charge-carrier separation and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that mineralize azo chromophores into harmless final products. Antimicrobial assays demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of P. aeruginosa and C. glabrata, with results comparable to or better than conventional antibiotic activity in certain instances. The combination of the metallic core and lichen metabolites highlights the dual role of the Se-CuO nanocomposite as an efficient photocatalytic agent and a green antimicrobial agent. All of these results indicate that biogenic Se-CuO nanocomposites are promising materials for sustainable wastewater treatment and biomedical applications.

Graphical Abstract