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<p>Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is a major secondary cause of skeletal fragility, resulting from impaired osteogenesis, enhanced bone resorption, and oxidative stress. In this study, nano-formulated quercetin was successfully synthesised using an antisolvent precipitation method and evaluated its osteoprotective potential in a prednisolone-exposed zebrafish model. The nanoformulated quercetin yielded stable nanoparticles with a mean particle size of approximately 46.7&#xa0;nm and a zeta potential of − 24.75 mV. Compared with native quercetin, nanoformulated quercetin exhibited a substantially enhanced in vitro drug-release profile, achieving nearly 92% cumulative release within 15&#xa0;h. The formulation demonstrated acceptable cytocompatibility in L929 fibroblast cells, maintaining approximately 83% cell viability at 100 µM and showing minimal cytotoxicity at lower concentrations. Nanoformulated quercetin retained significant antioxidant activity, as demonstrated by concentration-dependent free-radical scavenging in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay and the 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay. In zebrafish embryos, nanoformulated quercetin showed a clear dose-dependent safety profile, with higher concentrations (100 µM) inducing developmental abnormalities, whereas lower concentrations were well tolerated. Nanoformulated quercetin significantly attenuated prednisolone-induced developmental abnormalities and restored vertebral mineralization, as demonstrated by calcein-based fluorescence imaging and quantitative analysis. These results revealed that nano-formulation quercetin substantially enhances the osteoprotective effects against glucocorticoid-associated impairment of bone mineralization within an appropriate therapeutic dose range.</p>

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Protective Effects of Nano-formulated Quercetin Against Glucocorticoid-induced Osteoporosis in a Zebrafish Model

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月25日

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  • Vignesh Narasimman,
  • Annamalai Regupathy,
  • Danis Vijay Devaraj,
  • Santhosh Kumar Yasam,
  • Praveena Lakshmanan

摘要

Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is a major secondary cause of skeletal fragility, resulting from impaired osteogenesis, enhanced bone resorption, and oxidative stress. In this study, nano-formulated quercetin was successfully synthesised using an antisolvent precipitation method and evaluated its osteoprotective potential in a prednisolone-exposed zebrafish model. The nanoformulated quercetin yielded stable nanoparticles with a mean particle size of approximately 46.7 nm and a zeta potential of − 24.75 mV. Compared with native quercetin, nanoformulated quercetin exhibited a substantially enhanced in vitro drug-release profile, achieving nearly 92% cumulative release within 15 h. The formulation demonstrated acceptable cytocompatibility in L929 fibroblast cells, maintaining approximately 83% cell viability at 100 µM and showing minimal cytotoxicity at lower concentrations. Nanoformulated quercetin retained significant antioxidant activity, as demonstrated by concentration-dependent free-radical scavenging in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay and the 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay. In zebrafish embryos, nanoformulated quercetin showed a clear dose-dependent safety profile, with higher concentrations (100 µM) inducing developmental abnormalities, whereas lower concentrations were well tolerated. Nanoformulated quercetin significantly attenuated prednisolone-induced developmental abnormalities and restored vertebral mineralization, as demonstrated by calcein-based fluorescence imaging and quantitative analysis. These results revealed that nano-formulation quercetin substantially enhances the osteoprotective effects against glucocorticoid-associated impairment of bone mineralization within an appropriate therapeutic dose range.