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<p>In the present study, a novel SrO/Co₃O₄ (SC) nanocomposite was successfully synthesized via an environmentally benign green combustion method employing turmeric powder as a natural fuel. The structural, morphological, optical, and thermal properties of the synthesized materials were systematically investigated using XRD, FTIR, FESEM, UV–Vis, and TGA. XRD results confirmed the formation of a crystalline cubic Co₃O₄ phase and SrO incorporation within the composite structure, with average crystallite sizes in the nanometer range. FESEM images revealed a hierarchical morphology composed of interconnected plate-like and rod-like structures, providing high surface area and abundant active sites. The biological performance of the nanomaterials was comprehensively evaluated through antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer assays. The SC exhibited significantly enhanced free-radical scavenging activity compared to pristine Co₃O₄, demonstrating strong antioxidant capability. Antibacterial studies against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains revealed concentration-dependent inhibition, with the composite showing superior activity, particularly against <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>. Antifungal evaluation against <i>Penicillium</i> and <i>Aspergillus</i> species showed remarkable growth suppression, including complete inhibition of <i>Aspergillus</i> at higher SC concentrations. Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity studies on HeLa cancer cells confirmed that the SC exhibited improved anticancer activity, with an IC₅₀ value lower than that of Co₃O₄. This study highlights the SC as a promising eco-friendly nanomaterial for biomedical and antimicrobial applications.</p>

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Green Combustion Synthesis of SrO/Co₃O₄ Nanocomposite for Multifunctional Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Anticancer Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月31日

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  • Sumanjali Kota,
  • Vyshnavi G,
  • Tushvitha Dhayakaran,
  • Uthkruthi Munegowda

摘要

In the present study, a novel SrO/Co₃O₄ (SC) nanocomposite was successfully synthesized via an environmentally benign green combustion method employing turmeric powder as a natural fuel. The structural, morphological, optical, and thermal properties of the synthesized materials were systematically investigated using XRD, FTIR, FESEM, UV–Vis, and TGA. XRD results confirmed the formation of a crystalline cubic Co₃O₄ phase and SrO incorporation within the composite structure, with average crystallite sizes in the nanometer range. FESEM images revealed a hierarchical morphology composed of interconnected plate-like and rod-like structures, providing high surface area and abundant active sites. The biological performance of the nanomaterials was comprehensively evaluated through antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer assays. The SC exhibited significantly enhanced free-radical scavenging activity compared to pristine Co₃O₄, demonstrating strong antioxidant capability. Antibacterial studies against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains revealed concentration-dependent inhibition, with the composite showing superior activity, particularly against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antifungal evaluation against Penicillium and Aspergillus species showed remarkable growth suppression, including complete inhibition of Aspergillus at higher SC concentrations. Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity studies on HeLa cancer cells confirmed that the SC exhibited improved anticancer activity, with an IC₅₀ value lower than that of Co₃O₄. This study highlights the SC as a promising eco-friendly nanomaterial for biomedical and antimicrobial applications.