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<p>In this research, Schiff’s base grafted chitosan salicylaldehyde hydroxyapatite nano particles (CH-SL/HANP) was fabricated as a new biocomposite adsorbent <i>via</i> hydrothermal process for removal of acid red 88 (AR88) dye and remazol brilliant orange (RBO) dye from aqueous solution. Various analytical techniques including pH<sub>pzc</sub>, XRD, EDX, FTIR and BET were employed to investigate the physical and chemical properties of CH-SL/HANP. Moreover, Box Behnken Desing (BBD) was adopted for modeling and optimizing the adsorption of key input parameters (contact time, CH-SL/HANP dose, and dye solution pH). The highest removal of AR88 (83.4%) and RBO (86.3%) was observed at similar optimized experimental conditions of CH-SL/HANP dose (0.1&#xa0;g/ 100 mL) and pH (4) with different contact times (65&#xa0;min for AR88) and (35&#xa0;min for RBO). Moreover, analysis of variance (ANOVA) test shows the significant interaction of dual parameters in AR88 and RBO dyes removal including the interaction of CH-SL/HANP dose vs. pH (AB), CH-SL/HANP dose vs. time (AC) and pH vs. time (BC). The Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order (PSO) kinetic model provided the best fit of adsorption equilibrium results for AR88 and RBO by CH-SL/HANP. The adsorption capacity of CH-SL/HANP for AR88 was 158.2&#xa0;mg/g and for RBO was 169.4&#xa0;mg/g. Additionally, the thermodynamic finding confirms the adsorption of AR88 and RBO was spontaneous and exothermic overall. Various interaction pathways occur in the adsorption process of AR88 and RBO dyes including hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attraction, π-π and n-π interactions. Generating CH-SL/HANP composite adsorbent offers promising potential for effective removal of anionic dyes from wastewater.</p>

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Biocomposite System of Schiff’s Base Grafted Chitosan Biopolymer-Salicylaldehyde Doped with Hydroxyapatite Nano Particles: Characterization, Statistical Optimization and Application for Anionic Dyes Removal

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月31日

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  • Norakmalah Mohd Zawawi,
  • Ali H. Jawad,
  • Lee D. Wilson,
  • Zeid A. ALOthman,
  • Hussein A. Kazem

摘要

In this research, Schiff’s base grafted chitosan salicylaldehyde hydroxyapatite nano particles (CH-SL/HANP) was fabricated as a new biocomposite adsorbent via hydrothermal process for removal of acid red 88 (AR88) dye and remazol brilliant orange (RBO) dye from aqueous solution. Various analytical techniques including pHpzc, XRD, EDX, FTIR and BET were employed to investigate the physical and chemical properties of CH-SL/HANP. Moreover, Box Behnken Desing (BBD) was adopted for modeling and optimizing the adsorption of key input parameters (contact time, CH-SL/HANP dose, and dye solution pH). The highest removal of AR88 (83.4%) and RBO (86.3%) was observed at similar optimized experimental conditions of CH-SL/HANP dose (0.1 g/ 100 mL) and pH (4) with different contact times (65 min for AR88) and (35 min for RBO). Moreover, analysis of variance (ANOVA) test shows the significant interaction of dual parameters in AR88 and RBO dyes removal including the interaction of CH-SL/HANP dose vs. pH (AB), CH-SL/HANP dose vs. time (AC) and pH vs. time (BC). The Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order (PSO) kinetic model provided the best fit of adsorption equilibrium results for AR88 and RBO by CH-SL/HANP. The adsorption capacity of CH-SL/HANP for AR88 was 158.2 mg/g and for RBO was 169.4 mg/g. Additionally, the thermodynamic finding confirms the adsorption of AR88 and RBO was spontaneous and exothermic overall. Various interaction pathways occur in the adsorption process of AR88 and RBO dyes including hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attraction, π-π and n-π interactions. Generating CH-SL/HANP composite adsorbent offers promising potential for effective removal of anionic dyes from wastewater.