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<p>A dual-strategy approach was employed to develop an efficient drug-eluting stent (DES) coating by combining (1) nanoclay-based PLA nanocomposites to modulate pharmaceutical and biological properties and (2) electrospray processing to control the micro/nanostructure. The nanocomposites were formulated with polylactic acid (PLA), 3 wt% polyethylene glycol (PEG), CLOISITE 20&#xa0;A nanoclay (1 or 3 wt%), and dexamethasone (DEX). Structural analysis revealed uniform microbead/nanofiber morphology and well-dispersed exfoliated/intercalated nanoclay within the PLA matrix. Incorporation of 3 wt% nanoclay and PEG accelerated PLA degradation, while nanoclay reduced the initial DEX burst release and enhanced cumulative release over 42 days. Cellular studies showed DEX-free coatings were non-cytotoxic to smooth muscle cells, while DEX-loaded coatings selectively inhibited their proliferation, and a confluent endothelial layer formed within 3 days. These findings demonstrate that PLA/PEG/nanoclay nanocomposites, combined with electrospray processing, allow precise control over degradation, drug release, and surface micro/nanostructure. PEG enhances water absorption and degradation, nanoclay provides a cost-effective barrier effect, and PLA offers a biodegradable framework. Together, these modifications yield DES coatings that support rapid endothelialization and meet essential physicochemical and biological performance criteria, addressing the challenge of achieving controlled, sustained drug release in biodegradable stents.&#xa0;</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Engineering Micro/Nanostructured Biodegradable Nanoclay-Based Nanocomposite Coatings for Sustained Drug Release and Rapid Endothelialization in Drug-Eluting Stents

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月16日

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  • Mostafa Rahvar,
  • Tahereh Manoochehrabadi,
  • Bahereh T. Marouf,
  • Gholamreza Ahmadi Lakalayeh,
  • Rezvan Kakolvand,
  • Hamze Habibi,
  • Hossein Ghanbari

摘要

A dual-strategy approach was employed to develop an efficient drug-eluting stent (DES) coating by combining (1) nanoclay-based PLA nanocomposites to modulate pharmaceutical and biological properties and (2) electrospray processing to control the micro/nanostructure. The nanocomposites were formulated with polylactic acid (PLA), 3 wt% polyethylene glycol (PEG), CLOISITE 20 A nanoclay (1 or 3 wt%), and dexamethasone (DEX). Structural analysis revealed uniform microbead/nanofiber morphology and well-dispersed exfoliated/intercalated nanoclay within the PLA matrix. Incorporation of 3 wt% nanoclay and PEG accelerated PLA degradation, while nanoclay reduced the initial DEX burst release and enhanced cumulative release over 42 days. Cellular studies showed DEX-free coatings were non-cytotoxic to smooth muscle cells, while DEX-loaded coatings selectively inhibited their proliferation, and a confluent endothelial layer formed within 3 days. These findings demonstrate that PLA/PEG/nanoclay nanocomposites, combined with electrospray processing, allow precise control over degradation, drug release, and surface micro/nanostructure. PEG enhances water absorption and degradation, nanoclay provides a cost-effective barrier effect, and PLA offers a biodegradable framework. Together, these modifications yield DES coatings that support rapid endothelialization and meet essential physicochemical and biological performance criteria, addressing the challenge of achieving controlled, sustained drug release in biodegradable stents. 

Graphical Abstract