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<p>This review confirmed the potential of myco-synthesized nanomaterials. Feeding a growing global population requires innovative, sustainable farming solutions. In this study, we explored the potential of myco-synthesized nanomaterials (MNMs), produced by <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>, <i>Fusarium</i>, <i>Aspergillus</i> and <i>Penicillium</i> to improve wheat growth and plant health. The nanoparticles were characterized using TEM, SEM, EDX, FTIR, ZP, UV Vis, DLS and XRD to confirm their size, stability, charge, functional groups and surface properties. Wheat treated with 2.0&#xa0;mg/mL AgO NMs showed the greatest gains, with significantly longer shoots, higher biomass, and improved nutrient uptake compared with untreated controls (F = 19.26, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The treatment also suppressed pathogenic fungi and boosted antioxidant enzyme activity, suggesting enhanced plant immunity. Beyond plant benefits, these nanomaterials demonstrated potential for environmental applications by breaking down toxins and binding heavy metals in wastewater. Together, these results point to myco-synthesized AgO NMs as a safe, cost-effective, and eco-friendly alternative to conventional agrochemicals—supporting both crop productivity and environmental sustainability.</p>

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Fungal Nanofabricated Biomaterials Potential for Waste-water Bioremediation and Crop Pathogen Resistance: A Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月27日

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  • Junaid Ahmed,
  • Abdul Rasheed Kaleri,
  • Muhammad Akhtar,
  • Bilal Zulfiqar,
  • Shabir Ahmad,
  • Javed Iqbal,
  • Rashid Iqbal,
  • Lala Gurbanova,
  • Mehdi Rahimi

摘要

This review confirmed the potential of myco-synthesized nanomaterials. Feeding a growing global population requires innovative, sustainable farming solutions. In this study, we explored the potential of myco-synthesized nanomaterials (MNMs), produced by Trichoderma harzianum, Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium to improve wheat growth and plant health. The nanoparticles were characterized using TEM, SEM, EDX, FTIR, ZP, UV Vis, DLS and XRD to confirm their size, stability, charge, functional groups and surface properties. Wheat treated with 2.0 mg/mL AgO NMs showed the greatest gains, with significantly longer shoots, higher biomass, and improved nutrient uptake compared with untreated controls (F = 19.26, p < 0.001). The treatment also suppressed pathogenic fungi and boosted antioxidant enzyme activity, suggesting enhanced plant immunity. Beyond plant benefits, these nanomaterials demonstrated potential for environmental applications by breaking down toxins and binding heavy metals in wastewater. Together, these results point to myco-synthesized AgO NMs as a safe, cost-effective, and eco-friendly alternative to conventional agrochemicals—supporting both crop productivity and environmental sustainability.