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<p>This study investigates the enhancement of ampicillin (AMP) efficacy through nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems. The aim is to evaluate the antibacterial activity of both free AMP and its nanoliposomal-encapsulated form against <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> (<i>S. typhimurium</i>). Due to the widespread use of antibiotics in recent years, <i>S. typhimurium</i> has developed antibiotic resistance. Therefore, this research investigates the potential of nano-liposomes as an effective solution against the antibiotic resistance of AMP. Nano-liposomes (NLs) based on phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cholesterol (CL) were initially prepared, and AMP at a concentration of 1&#xa0;mg/ml was encapsulated in these NLs. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the free and AMP-NL against AMP-resistant <i>S</i>. <i>typhimurium</i> PTCC1730 and four clinical isolated strain of it were determined. The MIC of free AMP was 0.97 to 1.95&#xa0;µg/mL, and for NL-AMP, it was 0.06 to 0.24&#xa0;µg/mL. The MBC of free AMP ranged from 31.25 to 500&#xa0;µg/mL, while that of NL-AMP was 3.90 to 125&#xa0;µg/mL. Among the formulations, the NL with a 1:1 molar ratio of PC to C exhibited the smallest particle size and the highest encapsulation efficiency. MIC determination on <i>S. typhimurium</i> isolates showed a significant decrease in MIC and MBC for nano-liposomal encapsulated AMP compared to its free form. It was found that the reduction in MIC and MBC of AMP against <i>S</i>. <i>typhimurium</i> depended on the composition of the nano-liposomes.</p>

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Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Ampicillin Encapsulated in Nanoliposomes Against Salmonella Typhimurium

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月15日

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  • Mahla Ghasemzadeh,
  • Jalal Shayegh,
  • Shahin Tofangdarzadeh,
  • Somayyeh Hossienzadeh

摘要

This study investigates the enhancement of ampicillin (AMP) efficacy through nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems. The aim is to evaluate the antibacterial activity of both free AMP and its nanoliposomal-encapsulated form against Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium). Due to the widespread use of antibiotics in recent years, S. typhimurium has developed antibiotic resistance. Therefore, this research investigates the potential of nano-liposomes as an effective solution against the antibiotic resistance of AMP. Nano-liposomes (NLs) based on phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cholesterol (CL) were initially prepared, and AMP at a concentration of 1 mg/ml was encapsulated in these NLs. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the free and AMP-NL against AMP-resistant S. typhimurium PTCC1730 and four clinical isolated strain of it were determined. The MIC of free AMP was 0.97 to 1.95 µg/mL, and for NL-AMP, it was 0.06 to 0.24 µg/mL. The MBC of free AMP ranged from 31.25 to 500 µg/mL, while that of NL-AMP was 3.90 to 125 µg/mL. Among the formulations, the NL with a 1:1 molar ratio of PC to C exhibited the smallest particle size and the highest encapsulation efficiency. MIC determination on S. typhimurium isolates showed a significant decrease in MIC and MBC for nano-liposomal encapsulated AMP compared to its free form. It was found that the reduction in MIC and MBC of AMP against S. typhimurium depended on the composition of the nano-liposomes.