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<p>This study presents a sustainable photocatalyst composed of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles supported on bio-activated carbon (BAC) derived from Robusta coffee husks for the efficient degradation of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) under simulated sunlight. The BAC was prepared by carbonizing coffee husks at 900 °C in an argon atmosphere and activating with 9% hydrochloric acid, yielding a high surface area (842.48 m<sup>2</sup>/g) and pore volume (0.403 cm<sup>3</sup>/g). ZnO nanoparticles (20–100 nm) were deposited onto the BAC and characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, and UV–Vis DRS, confirming their hexagonal wurtzite structure and strong UV absorption below 400 nm. The ZnO/BAC composite achieved optimal photodegradation at a dosage of 1.00–1.25 g/L and an initial 2,4,5-T concentration of 10 mg/L. Kinetic analysis revealed pseudo-first-order behavior (k₁ = 0.02881 min⁻<sup>1</sup>, <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.9791), with 98.94% degradation within 240 min, predominantly occurring in the first 30 min. The composite retained over 86% efficiency after seven reuse cycles. These findings demonstrate that the ZnO/BAC nanocomposite, synthesized from agricultural waste and green reagents, is a promising and eco-friendly material for herbicide removal in wastewater treatment applications.</p>

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Photodegradation of Chlorophenoxy Herbicide Using Sustainable Photocatalyst Synthesized from ZnO Nanoparticles Supported on Bio-activated Carbon from Robusta Coffee Husk

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月8日

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  • Hoai Phuong Nguyen Thi,
  • Anh Thu Nguyen Thi,
  • Minh Chau Vu,
  • Minh Thanh Nguyen,
  • Bao Vi Nguyen,
  • Manh Ha Nguyen,
  • Huu Toan Dao,
  • Duc Duong La

摘要

This study presents a sustainable photocatalyst composed of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles supported on bio-activated carbon (BAC) derived from Robusta coffee husks for the efficient degradation of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) under simulated sunlight. The BAC was prepared by carbonizing coffee husks at 900 °C in an argon atmosphere and activating with 9% hydrochloric acid, yielding a high surface area (842.48 m2/g) and pore volume (0.403 cm3/g). ZnO nanoparticles (20–100 nm) were deposited onto the BAC and characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, and UV–Vis DRS, confirming their hexagonal wurtzite structure and strong UV absorption below 400 nm. The ZnO/BAC composite achieved optimal photodegradation at a dosage of 1.00–1.25 g/L and an initial 2,4,5-T concentration of 10 mg/L. Kinetic analysis revealed pseudo-first-order behavior (k₁ = 0.02881 min⁻1, R2 = 0.9791), with 98.94% degradation within 240 min, predominantly occurring in the first 30 min. The composite retained over 86% efficiency after seven reuse cycles. These findings demonstrate that the ZnO/BAC nanocomposite, synthesized from agricultural waste and green reagents, is a promising and eco-friendly material for herbicide removal in wastewater treatment applications.