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<p>Green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted significant attention due to their unique properties, safety, and applications in various fields like medical biology. Epigallocatechin (EGC), the second most abundant catechin in tea (~ 20%), has antioxidant,&#xa0;anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial properties. This study aims to green synthesize AgNPs using epigallocatechin (EGC) as a reducing and capping agent and assess their in vivo and in vitro toxicity in Swiss albino mice. The synthesis involved mixing aqueous silver nitrate with EGC in a methanol–water solution, to produce stable epigallocatechin-coated silver nanoparticles (EGC-AgNPs). The EGC-AgNPs were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and scanning electron microscopy. Toxicity evaluations were conducted on Swiss albino mice to determine the median lethal dose (LD50) and sub-acute oral toxicity over 28&#xa0;days, following OECD guidelines. Behavioral changes, hematological parameters, and biochemical markers were assessed post-treatment. In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated using cultured lymphocytes of mice through MTT assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and Comet assay. Results indicated that EGC-AgNPs exhibited low toxicity in vivo, with no significant adverse effects on body weight or hematological parameters at lower doses. In vitro assays demonstrated very low cytotoxicity, marked by nominal ROS generation and DNA damage as evidenced by the Comet assay. We found that EGC serves as an effective agent for the green synthesis of AgNPs and EGC-AgNPs exhibit promising biocompatibility without any significant toxic effect in biological system. Further studies are required to explore the mechanisms underlying their biological interactions and therapeutic efficacy.</p>

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Characterization of Epigallocatechin-Coated Silver Nanoparticles and Evaluation on Their Toxicity in Swiss Albino Mice Both In Vivo and In Vitro

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月19日

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  • Puspendu Roy,
  • Debjani Nath

摘要

Green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted significant attention due to their unique properties, safety, and applications in various fields like medical biology. Epigallocatechin (EGC), the second most abundant catechin in tea (~ 20%), has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial properties. This study aims to green synthesize AgNPs using epigallocatechin (EGC) as a reducing and capping agent and assess their in vivo and in vitro toxicity in Swiss albino mice. The synthesis involved mixing aqueous silver nitrate with EGC in a methanol–water solution, to produce stable epigallocatechin-coated silver nanoparticles (EGC-AgNPs). The EGC-AgNPs were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and scanning electron microscopy. Toxicity evaluations were conducted on Swiss albino mice to determine the median lethal dose (LD50) and sub-acute oral toxicity over 28 days, following OECD guidelines. Behavioral changes, hematological parameters, and biochemical markers were assessed post-treatment. In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated using cultured lymphocytes of mice through MTT assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and Comet assay. Results indicated that EGC-AgNPs exhibited low toxicity in vivo, with no significant adverse effects on body weight or hematological parameters at lower doses. In vitro assays demonstrated very low cytotoxicity, marked by nominal ROS generation and DNA damage as evidenced by the Comet assay. We found that EGC serves as an effective agent for the green synthesis of AgNPs and EGC-AgNPs exhibit promising biocompatibility without any significant toxic effect in biological system. Further studies are required to explore the mechanisms underlying their biological interactions and therapeutic efficacy.