<p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem worldwide, requiring the creation of new and creative approaches for treatment and diagnosis. Nanogels, nano-sized hydrogel particles, have become attractive platforms for tackling the issues related to managing HCC. This study thoroughly summarizes the latest developments in using nanogels for HCC, including therapeutic and diagnostic approaches. We examine the design concepts and engineering methodologies used to customize nanogels for precise drug delivery to HCC tumors. We emphasize their capacity to encapsulate various therapeutic agents and achieve regulated release in response to tumor-specific stimuli. Additionally, we investigate the incorporation of diagnostic imaging agents in the evolution of HCC. Lastly, we address the limitations in the area, such as improving the composition of nanogels, increasing the accuracy of tumor targeting, and finding methods to use these advancements in clinical settings. In summary, nanogels show significant potential as versatile platforms for individualized treatment of HCC, providing precise, effective, and secure therapeutic and diagnostic options.</p>