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<p>Exposure to pesticides and herbicides, which are environmental poisons that affect the central nervous system, can result in neurodegenerative illnesses like Parkinson’s disease (PD). Rotenone (ROT) is a mitochondrial toxin, so it produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes glutathione depletion leading to neurodegeneration of dopamine in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) with appearance of behavioral characteristics of PD. Many studies were conducted in an attempt to find a cure for PD, but as of yet, no proven remedy has been discovered. Zinc oxide biogenic nanoparticles especially from plant origin have been postulated to prevent neurological disorders. This study therefore investigated the biogenic production of zinc oxide nanoparticles facilitated by <i>Ocimum gratissimum</i> on motor and non-motor impairments linked to PD in ROT-intoxicated <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>. Fifty flies, ages 1 to 3&#xa0;days, were split up into four groups (<i>n</i> = 50), with each group having five replicates. Group 1 was used as the control, group 2 was given 500&#xa0;µM ROT only, group 3 received 40&#xa0;µg/ml of OZnO-NP only, and group 4 received 500&#xa0;µM ROT and co-treated with 40&#xa0;µg/ml of OZnO-NP. The inducement lasted for 14&#xa0;days. The UV–Vis, PL, and XRD validated the nanoparticles’ production. More so, FTIR spectrum showed the presence of biomolecules in stabilization of the nanoparticles. In addition, larval motility, lifespan, biochemical assay, neurochemical assessment, olfactory function, and the gravitaxis test were performed. Lifespan, locomotive capability, smell chemotaxis text, neurotransmitter systems, and antioxidant status were all markedly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) impaired by rotenone. However, flies treated both with ROT and OZnO-NP demonstrated a notable improvement in longevity and motor functions, olfactory function, antioxidant level, and the actions of the neurotransmitter system. In conclusion, OZnO-NP possesses a therapeutic effect on ROT-intoxicated <i>D. melanogaster</i>, a model of PD.</p>

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Therapeutic Potential of Ocimum Gratissimum Biogenic ZnO-Nanoparticles on Rotenone-Induced Neurotoxicity in Drosophila Melanogaster

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月19日

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  • Tope Gafar Atere,
  • Muideen Tunde Arogundade,
  • Omowumi Oyeronke Adewale,
  • Olumayowa Kolawole Idowu

摘要

Exposure to pesticides and herbicides, which are environmental poisons that affect the central nervous system, can result in neurodegenerative illnesses like Parkinson’s disease (PD). Rotenone (ROT) is a mitochondrial toxin, so it produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes glutathione depletion leading to neurodegeneration of dopamine in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) with appearance of behavioral characteristics of PD. Many studies were conducted in an attempt to find a cure for PD, but as of yet, no proven remedy has been discovered. Zinc oxide biogenic nanoparticles especially from plant origin have been postulated to prevent neurological disorders. This study therefore investigated the biogenic production of zinc oxide nanoparticles facilitated by Ocimum gratissimum on motor and non-motor impairments linked to PD in ROT-intoxicated Drosophila melanogaster. Fifty flies, ages 1 to 3 days, were split up into four groups (n = 50), with each group having five replicates. Group 1 was used as the control, group 2 was given 500 µM ROT only, group 3 received 40 µg/ml of OZnO-NP only, and group 4 received 500 µM ROT and co-treated with 40 µg/ml of OZnO-NP. The inducement lasted for 14 days. The UV–Vis, PL, and XRD validated the nanoparticles’ production. More so, FTIR spectrum showed the presence of biomolecules in stabilization of the nanoparticles. In addition, larval motility, lifespan, biochemical assay, neurochemical assessment, olfactory function, and the gravitaxis test were performed. Lifespan, locomotive capability, smell chemotaxis text, neurotransmitter systems, and antioxidant status were all markedly (p < 0.05) impaired by rotenone. However, flies treated both with ROT and OZnO-NP demonstrated a notable improvement in longevity and motor functions, olfactory function, antioxidant level, and the actions of the neurotransmitter system. In conclusion, OZnO-NP possesses a therapeutic effect on ROT-intoxicated D. melanogaster, a model of PD.