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<p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>), a significant human pathogen, is strongly associated with various gastrointestinal diseases, including gastric adenocarcinoma. While quadruple bismuth therapy remains a primary treatment, increasing antibiotic resistance necessitates the development of alternative, selective, and antibiotic-free antibacterial strategies. Metal-based nanoparticles (NPs), particularly bismuth NPs, have shown promising antibacterial properties. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of bismuth oxide NPs and a bismuth oxide-baicalein nanosystem against <i>H. pylori</i>. Our results demonstrated that bismuth oxide NPs demonstrated 1.5 times greater inhibitory activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 286.2 ± 1.6&#xa0;µg/mL) than baicalein, while the nanosystem (Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@baicalein) displayed significant urease inhibition (IC<sub>50</sub> = 151.5 ± 1.1&#xa0;µg/mL), outperforming baicalein by 2.69 times (IC<sub>50</sub> = 408.9 ± 1.5&#xa0;µg/mL). The nanosystem was measured at approximately 254.2&#xa0;nm with a zeta potential of − 19.3&#xa0;mV, and baicalein loading was determined to be 20.91%. The synthesized nanosystem was characterized using various techniques, including XRD, AFM, FTIR, SEM, and UV–Vis spectroscopy, revealing an average particle size of 60&#xa0;nm with AFM. The nanosystem demonstrated sustained release of baicalein at 37&#xa0;°C across different pH conditions. These findings suggest that the bismuth oxide–baicalein nanosystem holds significant potential as a novel therapeutic approach for <i>H. pylori</i> infections, offering a promising alternative to traditional antibiotic treatments.</p>

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Improving the Urease Inhibitory Activity of Baicalein Through Conjugation with Bi2O3 Nanoparticles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月20日

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  • Yeganeh Shadfar,
  • Ali Mohammadi,
  • Hossein Danafar,
  • Hafezeh Salehabadi

摘要

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a significant human pathogen, is strongly associated with various gastrointestinal diseases, including gastric adenocarcinoma. While quadruple bismuth therapy remains a primary treatment, increasing antibiotic resistance necessitates the development of alternative, selective, and antibiotic-free antibacterial strategies. Metal-based nanoparticles (NPs), particularly bismuth NPs, have shown promising antibacterial properties. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of bismuth oxide NPs and a bismuth oxide-baicalein nanosystem against H. pylori. Our results demonstrated that bismuth oxide NPs demonstrated 1.5 times greater inhibitory activity (IC50 = 286.2 ± 1.6 µg/mL) than baicalein, while the nanosystem (Bi2O3@baicalein) displayed significant urease inhibition (IC50 = 151.5 ± 1.1 µg/mL), outperforming baicalein by 2.69 times (IC50 = 408.9 ± 1.5 µg/mL). The nanosystem was measured at approximately 254.2 nm with a zeta potential of − 19.3 mV, and baicalein loading was determined to be 20.91%. The synthesized nanosystem was characterized using various techniques, including XRD, AFM, FTIR, SEM, and UV–Vis spectroscopy, revealing an average particle size of 60 nm with AFM. The nanosystem demonstrated sustained release of baicalein at 37 °C across different pH conditions. These findings suggest that the bismuth oxide–baicalein nanosystem holds significant potential as a novel therapeutic approach for H. pylori infections, offering a promising alternative to traditional antibiotic treatments.