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<p>Mastitis represents a significant global challenge in dairy farming, affecting animal health, milk production, and economic viability. It is estimated that mastitis leads to substantial financial losses due to decreased milk yield, increased veterinary costs, and the disposal of contaminated milk, necessitating innovative prevention strategies to address this multifactorial disease effectively. The current study demonstrates the development of a nanoformulation for its use as an external teat sealant to prevent the microbial entry in to the teat orifice during dry cow period to prevent the mastitis. The developed nanoformulation exhibited excellent antibacterial activity and strong adherence to teat surfaces, making it an ideal sealant. The assessment of cytotoxic effects of the nanoformulation on the L929 fibroblast cell line revealed negligible toxicity at the diverse concentrations evaluated, with an LC50 value calculated at 349.8398&#xa0;µg/mL. However, the cellular perturbations induced by the nanoformulation targeting the bacterial cell indicate its potential to be explored as a promising agent for mitigating the udder infections caused by diverse microorganisms. Detailed characterization of the nanoformulation using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) confirmed the presence of components like zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and lemongrass essential oil (LGEO) in the nanoformulations. Here, the combinational antimicrobial effectiveness of both ZnONPs and LGEO has demonstrated to augment the bioactivity of the nanoformulation. The results of the study thus underscore the necessity for developing appropriate prophylactic strategies among the dairy cattle herds and also the responsible use of antimicrobial agents in cows to prevent the concerns with mastitis caused by multidrug resistant pathogens.</p>

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Development of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle and Lemongrass Essential Oil Incorporated Nanoformulation-Based External Teat Sealant to Prevent Mastitis in Dairy Cows

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月27日

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  • Maya Mathew,
  • Divya Mathew,
  • Mary Theresa,
  • Sandhya C.,
  • Radhakrishnan E. K.

摘要

Mastitis represents a significant global challenge in dairy farming, affecting animal health, milk production, and economic viability. It is estimated that mastitis leads to substantial financial losses due to decreased milk yield, increased veterinary costs, and the disposal of contaminated milk, necessitating innovative prevention strategies to address this multifactorial disease effectively. The current study demonstrates the development of a nanoformulation for its use as an external teat sealant to prevent the microbial entry in to the teat orifice during dry cow period to prevent the mastitis. The developed nanoformulation exhibited excellent antibacterial activity and strong adherence to teat surfaces, making it an ideal sealant. The assessment of cytotoxic effects of the nanoformulation on the L929 fibroblast cell line revealed negligible toxicity at the diverse concentrations evaluated, with an LC50 value calculated at 349.8398 µg/mL. However, the cellular perturbations induced by the nanoformulation targeting the bacterial cell indicate its potential to be explored as a promising agent for mitigating the udder infections caused by diverse microorganisms. Detailed characterization of the nanoformulation using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) confirmed the presence of components like zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and lemongrass essential oil (LGEO) in the nanoformulations. Here, the combinational antimicrobial effectiveness of both ZnONPs and LGEO has demonstrated to augment the bioactivity of the nanoformulation. The results of the study thus underscore the necessity for developing appropriate prophylactic strategies among the dairy cattle herds and also the responsible use of antimicrobial agents in cows to prevent the concerns with mastitis caused by multidrug resistant pathogens.