<p>This study explores blood flow dynamics in a multi-stenosed artery with irregular geometries, incorporating iron oxide (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) and gold (Au) nanoparticles. By investigating the combined influence of electric and magnetic fields, this research provides new insights into how these forces regulate nanoparticles and blood flow within complex vascular systems. A mathematical model is developed by reducing the governing system of partial differential equations (PDEs) to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using dimensionless variables. The bvp4c method in MATLAB is used to solve the model and evaluate the effects of key parameters such as magnetic field intensity, electric field strength, and nanoparticle properties on flow dynamics. The results reveal that an increased magnetic field suppresses blood flow velocities, while stronger electric fields significantly enhance them. Nanoparticles contribute to higher flow velocity but reduce overall flow temperature, suggesting their potential for optimizing heat transfer in therapeutic contexts. Notably, irregularities in the artery structure significantly alter both velocity and temperature profiles; increasing structural irregularity raises axial velocity and temperature, though at the cost of waveform consistency. Furthermore, variations in artery wall amplitude produce a more pronounced wave pattern, emphasizing the complex interplay between geometry and flow behavior. This study underscores the critical role of controlling electric and magnetic fields and precise modification of nanoparticle properties in advancing therapeutic strategies such as non-invasive diagnostic imaging, thermotherapy, and targeted drug delivery. The insights gained offer a promising avenue for improving treatments for vascular diseases, cancer, and other medical conditions, where precision control of flow dynamics can enhance the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.</p>

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Modeling of Blood Flow in an Irregular Multi-stenosed Vessel in Presence of Iron Oxide and Gold Nanoparticles

  • Mohammadamin Bagherkhani,
  • Saeed Dinarvand,
  • Mohammad Vahabi

摘要

This study explores blood flow dynamics in a multi-stenosed artery with irregular geometries, incorporating iron oxide (Fe3O4) and gold (Au) nanoparticles. By investigating the combined influence of electric and magnetic fields, this research provides new insights into how these forces regulate nanoparticles and blood flow within complex vascular systems. A mathematical model is developed by reducing the governing system of partial differential equations (PDEs) to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using dimensionless variables. The bvp4c method in MATLAB is used to solve the model and evaluate the effects of key parameters such as magnetic field intensity, electric field strength, and nanoparticle properties on flow dynamics. The results reveal that an increased magnetic field suppresses blood flow velocities, while stronger electric fields significantly enhance them. Nanoparticles contribute to higher flow velocity but reduce overall flow temperature, suggesting their potential for optimizing heat transfer in therapeutic contexts. Notably, irregularities in the artery structure significantly alter both velocity and temperature profiles; increasing structural irregularity raises axial velocity and temperature, though at the cost of waveform consistency. Furthermore, variations in artery wall amplitude produce a more pronounced wave pattern, emphasizing the complex interplay between geometry and flow behavior. This study underscores the critical role of controlling electric and magnetic fields and precise modification of nanoparticle properties in advancing therapeutic strategies such as non-invasive diagnostic imaging, thermotherapy, and targeted drug delivery. The insights gained offer a promising avenue for improving treatments for vascular diseases, cancer, and other medical conditions, where precision control of flow dynamics can enhance the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.