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<p>Curcumin, a polyphenol found in <i>Curcuma longa</i>, exhibits diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-infectious, and anti-carcinogenic properties. To enhance drug efficacy, improve bioavailability, water solubility, and pharmacokinetics in both in vitro and in vivo&#xa0;settings, curcumin nanoparticles offer an efficient drug delivery system. In our study, we synthesized curcumin-PLGA nanoparticles and evaluated their anthelmintic potential. Curcumin nanoparticles were synthesized by the single emulsion solvent evaporation method. Characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectrum and zeta potential analysis. SEM revealed uniform circular spheres of curcumin of sizes ranging from 0.1 to 10&#xa0;µm. FTIR spectrum establishes the presence of specific functional groups in curcumin thus confirming the formation of curcumin nanoparticles. UV–Vis spectrum revealed a single peak of absorption, and zeta potential revealed a single negative charge over the surface of the formed nanoparticles. Fresh adult worms of <i>Fasciola gigantica</i> were obtained from infected livers of slaughtered buffaloes and were incubated in RPMI 1640 medium containing different concentrations of curcumin-PLGA nanoparticles along with the control lacking the test compounds. Based on our findings, it is suggested that curcumin-PLGA nanoparticles impact the motility of adult <i>F. gigantica</i> worms. Higher concentrations of nanoparticles appear to contribute to a progressive reduction in motility over time. Higher nanoparticle concentrations induced a marked increase in reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and protein carbonylation levels, while superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities were significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner. These findings underscore the far-reaching influence of curcumin-PLGA nanoparticles on cellular redox balance, oxidative stress responses, and detoxification processes. It is concluded that the curcumin nanoparticles offer an enhanced anthelmintic potential of curcumin against tropical liver fluke <i>F. gigantica.</i></p>

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PLGA-Based Nanoparticles of Curcumin for Effective Anthelmintic Therapy Against Fasciola gigantica

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月6日

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  • Rizwan Ullah,
  • Abdur Rehman,
  • Lubna Rehman,
  • Mirza Ahmar Beg,
  • Bilal Choudhary,
  • M. A. H. Khan,
  • Ahammed Shareef P. A.,
  • S. M. A. Abidi

摘要

Curcumin, a polyphenol found in Curcuma longa, exhibits diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-infectious, and anti-carcinogenic properties. To enhance drug efficacy, improve bioavailability, water solubility, and pharmacokinetics in both in vitro and in vivo settings, curcumin nanoparticles offer an efficient drug delivery system. In our study, we synthesized curcumin-PLGA nanoparticles and evaluated their anthelmintic potential. Curcumin nanoparticles were synthesized by the single emulsion solvent evaporation method. Characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectrum and zeta potential analysis. SEM revealed uniform circular spheres of curcumin of sizes ranging from 0.1 to 10 µm. FTIR spectrum establishes the presence of specific functional groups in curcumin thus confirming the formation of curcumin nanoparticles. UV–Vis spectrum revealed a single peak of absorption, and zeta potential revealed a single negative charge over the surface of the formed nanoparticles. Fresh adult worms of Fasciola gigantica were obtained from infected livers of slaughtered buffaloes and were incubated in RPMI 1640 medium containing different concentrations of curcumin-PLGA nanoparticles along with the control lacking the test compounds. Based on our findings, it is suggested that curcumin-PLGA nanoparticles impact the motility of adult F. gigantica worms. Higher concentrations of nanoparticles appear to contribute to a progressive reduction in motility over time. Higher nanoparticle concentrations induced a marked increase in reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and protein carbonylation levels, while superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities were significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner. These findings underscore the far-reaching influence of curcumin-PLGA nanoparticles on cellular redox balance, oxidative stress responses, and detoxification processes. It is concluded that the curcumin nanoparticles offer an enhanced anthelmintic potential of curcumin against tropical liver fluke F. gigantica.