Biogenic Synthesis, Characterization, Along with Investigation of Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Using Twigs of Polyalthia sclerophylla

The unique properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), such as their high effectiveness against bacteria, are considered one of the reasons to encourage researchers to find easier and non-toxic ways to prepare them. The present study has been documented to investigate and assess the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of AgNPs produced by biogenic synthesis. The twigs of polyalthia sclerophylla (P. sclerophylla) were used as an initiator and silver nitrate (AgNO₃) as a reducer. The prepared samples were named AgNPs-a and AgNPs-b. Physical–chemical approaches were employed to characterize the produced samples. AgNPs were tested for cytotoxicity against fibroblast cell line L929 using the Alamar blue assay, while the evolution of the antibacterial activities was against S. aureus and E. coli. According to the data, AgNPs-a had a wavelength of 434 nm, and AgNPs-b had a wavelength of 454 nm. SEM and STEM pictures revealed that the prepared samples had spherical forms. AgNPs-a and AgNPs-b had different diameter sizes: 47 nm to 77 nm for AgNPs-a and 40 nm to 90 nm for AgNPs-b. After 24 h, prepared samples revealed that over 89% of the Mg-63 cells were available for all concentrations. Compared to both bacteria, AgNPs-a demonstrated more significant suppression of bacterial growth. The current research showed that produced, non-toxic samples might function as antibacterial agents at nanoscales that are safe for application in the biomedical and medical domains.