A Review on Interaction of Nanomaterials of Group-XIV (G14) Elements of the Periodic Table with Proteins and DNA: Applications in Biotechnology and Pharmacy

The physicochemical properties of group-XIV (G14) nanomaterials in the periodic table display a wide range of behaviors, making them a subject of significant interest in nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology due to their large surface area and low synthesis cost. Recently, there has been noteworthy development in the field of nanobiomedical research. Biomacromolecules can influence cell function primarily through cell-material surface interactions. Therefore, studying the interaction between G14-based nanomaterials and biomacromolecules like protein/DNA is a lucrative area of research that holds much promise. In this review, we offer a concise overview of the interaction between G14-based nanomaterials and protein/DNA. Furthermore, we explore their capacity to elicit structural variations from a bio-physicochemical perspective. We anticipate that this review will fundamentally contribute new perspectives to the application of G14-based nanomaterials in the fields of nanomedicine and pharmacy.