Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry, and Anti-microbial Proficiency of Tamarindus indica L. and Its Mediated Nanoparticles

Tamarindus indica is employed in Ayurveda as Agnisandeepano Rasa, Shankhadravaka Rasa, Shankha Vati, Mahashankha Vati, Gudapippali, and Bhruhat Gudapippali for the treatment of various diseases; exhibits therapeutic characteristics viz. blood tonic, carminative, digestive, expectorant, laxative etc.; and displays potential antimicrobial properties which can probably be utilized as a groundwork for drug discovery and development. The in-attendance review is designed with the objective to accrue and report the probable antimicrobial potential with Ayurvedic efficiency, therapeutic potential, phytoconstituent’s edifice, and other medicinal usages of T. indica followed by the identification of its future research opportunities. An informal approach of employing Boolean operators was applied for the primary database searching as a result of which in total, 40 research articles were reviewed using several online scholarly databases. Outcomes of the study deliberated that T. indica is being considered to treat more than 30 different types of ailments. Among reported disorders, T. indica displayed highest potential in the treatment of asthma, wounds, and inflammatory diseases. Pharmacological studies and analysis affirmed potential antimicrobial activities. Variety of secondary metabolites belonging to different classes of compounds such as anthraquinone, apigenin, coumarin, naringenin, phenols, tannins, and taxifolin were reportedly isolated from T. indica. The thorough pharmacological investigations’ findings showed that more clinical trials are required for T. indica in order to provide trustworthy novel chemicals for the conception of new medicines.