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<p>Soil aggregates serve as habitats of soil microbiome and directly influence on soil microbial nutrient demand and stabilization of organic matter. Evaluating the long-term impact of different nutrient management strategies on soil enzymatic stoichiometry and microbial indices within aggregates is essential for environmental significance. Hence, this study was planned to investigate the long-term biochemical changes occurring in the soil aggregates isolated through sieving methods under five nutrient management approaches: absolute control (no fertilizer or manure), 100% recommended dose of mineral fertilizer (NPK), 50% NPK + 50% N from farm yard manure (FYM), 50% NPK + 50% N from wheat cut straw (WCS) and 50% NPK + 50% N from green manure (GM) for rice; whereas, 100% NPK was applied to wheat in all treatments except absolute control. After 40 cycles of continuous rice-wheat cropping, the application of organic amendments along with chemical fertilizers significantly increased the proportion of macro-aggregates (Macro-A; &gt;2&#xa0;mm) while reducing micro-aggregates (Micro-A; &lt;0.25&#xa0;mm). Activities of C, N and P-cycling enzymes viz. β-glucosidase, cellulase and laccase increased significantly in Macro-A after wet sieving by 7.8–87.8, 8.2–18.8 and 8.6–43.3%, respectively compared to dry sieving. Shannon’s diversity index and Simpson-Yule index was significantly higher in Macro-A than Micro-A by 2.5–5.3 and 8.6–14.8% respectively under wet sieving. It was therefore, concluded that wet sieving proved to be more sensitive in detecting variations in enzyme activity and microbial indices compared to dry sieving, making it a valuable method for assessing overall soil health and soil functionality through microbial processes under nutrient management practices.</p>

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Continuous nutrient management practices for 40 years enhances soil carbon, enzymes and microbial indices in rice-wheat system

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月5日

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  • Sandeep Sharma,
  • Tanushree Ghosh,
  • S S Walia

摘要

Soil aggregates serve as habitats of soil microbiome and directly influence on soil microbial nutrient demand and stabilization of organic matter. Evaluating the long-term impact of different nutrient management strategies on soil enzymatic stoichiometry and microbial indices within aggregates is essential for environmental significance. Hence, this study was planned to investigate the long-term biochemical changes occurring in the soil aggregates isolated through sieving methods under five nutrient management approaches: absolute control (no fertilizer or manure), 100% recommended dose of mineral fertilizer (NPK), 50% NPK + 50% N from farm yard manure (FYM), 50% NPK + 50% N from wheat cut straw (WCS) and 50% NPK + 50% N from green manure (GM) for rice; whereas, 100% NPK was applied to wheat in all treatments except absolute control. After 40 cycles of continuous rice-wheat cropping, the application of organic amendments along with chemical fertilizers significantly increased the proportion of macro-aggregates (Macro-A; >2 mm) while reducing micro-aggregates (Micro-A; <0.25 mm). Activities of C, N and P-cycling enzymes viz. β-glucosidase, cellulase and laccase increased significantly in Macro-A after wet sieving by 7.8–87.8, 8.2–18.8 and 8.6–43.3%, respectively compared to dry sieving. Shannon’s diversity index and Simpson-Yule index was significantly higher in Macro-A than Micro-A by 2.5–5.3 and 8.6–14.8% respectively under wet sieving. It was therefore, concluded that wet sieving proved to be more sensitive in detecting variations in enzyme activity and microbial indices compared to dry sieving, making it a valuable method for assessing overall soil health and soil functionality through microbial processes under nutrient management practices.