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<p>Asbestos, a fibrous silicate mineral, has been epidemiologically linked to severe health outcomes such as pleural calcification, pulmonary fibrosis, malignant mesothelioma (MM), and peritoneal carcinogenesis, primarily through inhalation of airborne particulate matter. Due to its respirable fibrous morphology and widespread environmental presence, asbestos represents a critical concern within health geography, warranting spatially explicit investigations to delineate its geomedical risk profile. This study applies a health geography framework to assess the environmental footprint of asbestos in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye by integrating advanced geospatial technologies, including Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The objectives are to spatially delineate asbestos distribution using integrated RS-GIS methodologies, evaluate associated environmental and public health implications, and provide a replicable geospatial risk modeling approach. A geomedical risk atlas was developed by synthesizing digital geological maps from the General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA) of Türkiye with satellite-derived spectral indices, validated through extensive field surveys that enabled precise identification of asbestos emission hotspots. Mineralogical analyses confirmed elevated concentrations of chrysotile and tremolite, minerals implicated in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Spatial epidemiology identified four high-risk districts—Ergani, Çermik, Çüngüş, and Gerger—where 56% of MPM cases were localized within a 1 km radius of these hotspots, and 70% within 4 km. The study underscores the suggests a potential&#xa0;effectiveness of RS-GIS integration for geospatial risk assessment, offering a paradigm to inform targeted public health interventions and environmental management aimed at mitigating asbestos-related morbidity in affected regions.</p>

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Investigation of asbestos-related environmental risks using GIS and remote sensing in Southeastern Anatolia, Türkiye

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月20日

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  • Abdullah İzzeddin Karabulut,
  • Mehmet İrfan Yeşilnacar

摘要

Asbestos, a fibrous silicate mineral, has been epidemiologically linked to severe health outcomes such as pleural calcification, pulmonary fibrosis, malignant mesothelioma (MM), and peritoneal carcinogenesis, primarily through inhalation of airborne particulate matter. Due to its respirable fibrous morphology and widespread environmental presence, asbestos represents a critical concern within health geography, warranting spatially explicit investigations to delineate its geomedical risk profile. This study applies a health geography framework to assess the environmental footprint of asbestos in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye by integrating advanced geospatial technologies, including Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The objectives are to spatially delineate asbestos distribution using integrated RS-GIS methodologies, evaluate associated environmental and public health implications, and provide a replicable geospatial risk modeling approach. A geomedical risk atlas was developed by synthesizing digital geological maps from the General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA) of Türkiye with satellite-derived spectral indices, validated through extensive field surveys that enabled precise identification of asbestos emission hotspots. Mineralogical analyses confirmed elevated concentrations of chrysotile and tremolite, minerals implicated in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Spatial epidemiology identified four high-risk districts—Ergani, Çermik, Çüngüş, and Gerger—where 56% of MPM cases were localized within a 1 km radius of these hotspots, and 70% within 4 km. The study underscores the suggests a potential effectiveness of RS-GIS integration for geospatial risk assessment, offering a paradigm to inform targeted public health interventions and environmental management aimed at mitigating asbestos-related morbidity in affected regions.