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<p>The present study monitors the potential carbon mineralization (PCM), and CO<sub>2</sub> of selected organic amendments such as poultry litter (PL), poultry litter biochar (PLB), mineral fertilizers and current farming practices (CFP) that utilizes Urea (Nitrogen), Factamfos (Phosphorus), Potash (Potassium), cow dung and lime in the flood-prone, lowland, temporarily submerged, acidic soils of Vayalkkara East Paddy fields of Kunnukara village, in the State of Kerala. The CO<sub>2</sub> emission from the paddy soils was quantified by a 120-day soil incubation study. The treatment five (T5), which is supplemented with Poultry Litter Biochar prepared at 350&#xa0;°C for 30&#xa0;min of residence time (PLB350-30), showed the highest reduction in CO<sub>2</sub> emission from 0.0408 to 0.0042 mgCO<sub>2</sub>-C/g soil; and less cumulative CO<sub>2</sub>-C release of 56.8 ± 2.19&#xa0;mg/kg. The treatment with current farming practices (T6) exhibited the lowest CO<sub>2</sub> emission reduction (0.041 to 0.022 mgCO<sub>2</sub>-C/g), and the highest cumulative CO<sub>2</sub>-C release (163 ± 42.13&#xa0;mg/kg). Further, PLB exhibited a negative priming effect after 15 days of incubation due to changing fundamental soil quality parameters like cation exchange capacity, pH, soil carbon, and dehydrogenase enzyme activity. Additionally, stable fused-ring carbon structures present in PLB facilitate carbon sequestration. Specifically, treatment five, PLB350-30, exhibited a significant negative percentage variation from the control, ranging from ≤-10%, ≤-20%, ≤-70%, and ≤-85% by the end of the 15th, 30th, 60th, and 90th days of incubation, which indicates potential CO<sub>2</sub> emission reduction. This biochar approach is more sustainable in mitigating carbon emissions from the temporarily submerged rice production systems in the Kunnukara village, Kerala.</p>

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Characterization and carbon mineralization potential of poultry litter biochar in paddy wetland systems of Kunnukara village, Kerala, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月2日

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  • Anjali Thaitharanikathil Babu,
  • Anand Madhavan,
  • K. P. Arunbabu

摘要

The present study monitors the potential carbon mineralization (PCM), and CO2 of selected organic amendments such as poultry litter (PL), poultry litter biochar (PLB), mineral fertilizers and current farming practices (CFP) that utilizes Urea (Nitrogen), Factamfos (Phosphorus), Potash (Potassium), cow dung and lime in the flood-prone, lowland, temporarily submerged, acidic soils of Vayalkkara East Paddy fields of Kunnukara village, in the State of Kerala. The CO2 emission from the paddy soils was quantified by a 120-day soil incubation study. The treatment five (T5), which is supplemented with Poultry Litter Biochar prepared at 350 °C for 30 min of residence time (PLB350-30), showed the highest reduction in CO2 emission from 0.0408 to 0.0042 mgCO2-C/g soil; and less cumulative CO2-C release of 56.8 ± 2.19 mg/kg. The treatment with current farming practices (T6) exhibited the lowest CO2 emission reduction (0.041 to 0.022 mgCO2-C/g), and the highest cumulative CO2-C release (163 ± 42.13 mg/kg). Further, PLB exhibited a negative priming effect after 15 days of incubation due to changing fundamental soil quality parameters like cation exchange capacity, pH, soil carbon, and dehydrogenase enzyme activity. Additionally, stable fused-ring carbon structures present in PLB facilitate carbon sequestration. Specifically, treatment five, PLB350-30, exhibited a significant negative percentage variation from the control, ranging from ≤-10%, ≤-20%, ≤-70%, and ≤-85% by the end of the 15th, 30th, 60th, and 90th days of incubation, which indicates potential CO2 emission reduction. This biochar approach is more sustainable in mitigating carbon emissions from the temporarily submerged rice production systems in the Kunnukara village, Kerala.