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<p>The urgent need for renewable energy sources has positioned geothermal energy as a crucial alternative in addressing climate change and global warming. This paper comprehensively reviews&#xa0;mineral scaling phenomena in geothermal energy systems, detailing various scales that can form in geothermal sites and the mechanisms underlying their formation. Key factors influencing scaling, such as the changes of temperature, pH, and fluid composition, are compared and summarized for common scale types. Additionally, the review discusses effective mitigation strategies, including the use of inhibitors and operational adjustments, to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of geothermal systems in recent case studies. By summarizing the challenges of mineral precipitation and their mitigation strategies, this review offers valuable insights for enhancing geothermal energy production and highlights the need for research in this promising renewable energy source.</p>

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A review of recent advances in mineral scaling in geothermal energy systems: mechanisms, mitigation, and case studies

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月11日

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  • Kamran Hassani,
  • Wenbo Zheng

摘要

The urgent need for renewable energy sources has positioned geothermal energy as a crucial alternative in addressing climate change and global warming. This paper comprehensively reviews mineral scaling phenomena in geothermal energy systems, detailing various scales that can form in geothermal sites and the mechanisms underlying their formation. Key factors influencing scaling, such as the changes of temperature, pH, and fluid composition, are compared and summarized for common scale types. Additionally, the review discusses effective mitigation strategies, including the use of inhibitors and operational adjustments, to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of geothermal systems in recent case studies. By summarizing the challenges of mineral precipitation and their mitigation strategies, this review offers valuable insights for enhancing geothermal energy production and highlights the need for research in this promising renewable energy source.