Seasonal frozen soil area frame beam anchor rod slope support structure frost heave mechanical characteristics simplified calculation model

In response to the frequent accidents caused by freezing-induced deformation of anchor rod support structures in seasonal frozen soil areas, this study proposes a simplified calculation method. Based on the deformation coordination relationship of the slope frost heave soil under the constraint of the frame beam, the initial frost heave force distributed in the beam was obtained. Using the Pasternak double-parameter foundation model, a differential equation for the freezing-induced deformation of the frame columns, accounting for the shear effect of the freezing layer and the anchoring action of the anchor rods, is established. To validate the proposed method, a finite element model is developed using the ABAQUS thermal coupling module. The results demonstrate that the results obtained from the simplified method and numerical simulation solution in this article are basically similar, and about 11% higher than the numerical simulation solution. However, compared with the Winkler foundation model, it can more accurately reflect the distribution law of frost heave displacement of frame columns. And the Winkler foundation model overestimates the frost heave deformation and internal forces by about 21%, indicating that considering the shear effect of the frozen layer can more accurately reflect the actual stress state of the frame columns. In addition, according to the sensitivity analysis of the influencing parameters, it can be concluded that the changes in the spacing between anchor bolts and the frost heave rate of the soil have a more significant impact on the deformation of the frame columns. Consequently, it is crucial to assess the freezing grade of the slope and determine anchor rod positions thoughtfully during the design phase. This research sheds light on the fundamental characteristics of the frame beam anchor structure under the influence of soil frost heave, enhancing calculation precision, and offering valuable scientific insights for practical engineering design.