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Background and Aims <p>Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder, poses significant challenges for both patients and medical practitioners. Recent investigations have indicated the gut microbiome as a potential therapeutic target for IBS. Nevertheless, the exact association between these microorganisms and IBS symptoms remains incompletely elucidated. This updated systematic analysis aims to assess the extant research correlating the gut microbial community with IBS.</p> Methods <p>A systematic search was performed in major electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science, spanning from their inception to December 2024. The objective was to identify case-control studies that examined and compared the composition of the fecal or colonic microbiota in individuals diagnosed with IBS against healthy controls.</p> Results <p>Our systematic search included 44 articles, which collectively revealed that IBS patients exhibit lower intestinal microbiome diversity compared to healthy controls. Fecal microbiome analysis demonstrated an imbalance in the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes among IBS patients. Specifically, IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D) patients showed reduced levels of Butyricimonas and Proteobacteria, while IBS with constipation (IBS-C) patients exhibited decreased Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, along with increased Verrucomicrobiota and Proteobacteria. Additionally, disruptions in the gut microbiome were noted, particularly in the duodenum and jejunum, as well as changes in key bacterial populations within the colon and rectum.</p> Conclusion <p>Our review confirms significant gut microbiota dysbiosis in IBS patients, characterized by reduced microbial diversity and altered abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. These findings support the potential for microbiota-targeted therapies in IBS management, though further research is needed to establish causal mechanisms and clinical applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Altered molecular signature of the intestinal microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome patients versus healthy controls: An updated systematic review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月18日

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  • Zhen-Zhi Wang,
  • Yu-Kun Chen,
  • Xinyu Li,
  • Li Lin,
  • Bozhu Chen,
  • Min Chen,
  • Hui Zheng

摘要

Background and Aims

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder, poses significant challenges for both patients and medical practitioners. Recent investigations have indicated the gut microbiome as a potential therapeutic target for IBS. Nevertheless, the exact association between these microorganisms and IBS symptoms remains incompletely elucidated. This updated systematic analysis aims to assess the extant research correlating the gut microbial community with IBS.

Methods

A systematic search was performed in major electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science, spanning from their inception to December 2024. The objective was to identify case-control studies that examined and compared the composition of the fecal or colonic microbiota in individuals diagnosed with IBS against healthy controls.

Results

Our systematic search included 44 articles, which collectively revealed that IBS patients exhibit lower intestinal microbiome diversity compared to healthy controls. Fecal microbiome analysis demonstrated an imbalance in the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes among IBS patients. Specifically, IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D) patients showed reduced levels of Butyricimonas and Proteobacteria, while IBS with constipation (IBS-C) patients exhibited decreased Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, along with increased Verrucomicrobiota and Proteobacteria. Additionally, disruptions in the gut microbiome were noted, particularly in the duodenum and jejunum, as well as changes in key bacterial populations within the colon and rectum.

Conclusion

Our review confirms significant gut microbiota dysbiosis in IBS patients, characterized by reduced microbial diversity and altered abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. These findings support the potential for microbiota-targeted therapies in IBS management, though further research is needed to establish causal mechanisms and clinical applications.

Graphical Abstract