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Background <p>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) continues to pose a major global health burden, with patient outcomes often showing variability despite standardized treatment protocols. Emerging evidence highlights the prognostic potential of systemic inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers. This study investigates the prognostic value of the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Plateletto-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), and Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio (LMR) in patients with OSCC undergoing radical surgical intervention.</p> Methods <p>A retrospective study involving OSCC patients who underwent curative surgery assessed the prognostic significance of preoperative PNI, NLR, PLR, and LMR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine optimal cutoff values. The relationship of these markers with overall survival (OS) and diseasefree survival (DFS) was analyzed through Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression models, accounting for clinical and demographic variables.</p> Results <p>PNI showed highest discriminatory value for OS and DFS (AUC 0.970, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), with a cutoff ≤49.35 indicating poorer survival. Elevated NLR (&gt;2.14), PLR (&gt;127.19), and low LMR (≤2.22) also correlated with worse outcomes. Multivariate analysis identified PNI remained independently associated with disease-free survival, while no biomarker demonstrated independent significance for OS.</p> Conclusion <p>Systemic inflammatory and nutritional markers, particularly PNI, provided complementary prognostic information in OSCC post-surgery. Their simplicity, low cost, and accuracy support their integration into routine preoperative assessments for better risk stratification and treatment planning.</p>

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Prognostic Significance of Nutritional and Inflammatory Markers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Surgical Management at a Tertiary Indian Hospital

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Pragya Borghate,
  • Bhimappa Mallappa Rudagi,
  • Vrinda Rajagopal,
  • Neha Agarwal

摘要

Background

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) continues to pose a major global health burden, with patient outcomes often showing variability despite standardized treatment protocols. Emerging evidence highlights the prognostic potential of systemic inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers. This study investigates the prognostic value of the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Plateletto-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), and Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio (LMR) in patients with OSCC undergoing radical surgical intervention.

Methods

A retrospective study involving OSCC patients who underwent curative surgery assessed the prognostic significance of preoperative PNI, NLR, PLR, and LMR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine optimal cutoff values. The relationship of these markers with overall survival (OS) and diseasefree survival (DFS) was analyzed through Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression models, accounting for clinical and demographic variables.

Results

PNI showed highest discriminatory value for OS and DFS (AUC 0.970, p < 0.001), with a cutoff ≤49.35 indicating poorer survival. Elevated NLR (>2.14), PLR (>127.19), and low LMR (≤2.22) also correlated with worse outcomes. Multivariate analysis identified PNI remained independently associated with disease-free survival, while no biomarker demonstrated independent significance for OS.

Conclusion

Systemic inflammatory and nutritional markers, particularly PNI, provided complementary prognostic information in OSCC post-surgery. Their simplicity, low cost, and accuracy support their integration into routine preoperative assessments for better risk stratification and treatment planning.