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<p>Spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC), also known as sarcomatoid carcinoma, is a rare and aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) that contains a biphasic pattern, with conventional SCC and spindle cell components. We report the case of a 63-year-old female patient with a history of alcohol and tobacco use who was diagnosed in May 2018 with well-differentiated SCC of the tongue and treated with partial glossectomy, cervical lymphadenectomy, and adjuvant radiotherapy. In May 2023, the patient developed a recurrence in the right retromolar trigone, confirmed as moderately differentiated SCC and managed surgically with segmental mandibulectomy. Two years later, in May 2025, a rapidly enlarging lesion in the right floor of the mouth was diagnosed as SpCC. Histopathology revealed a sarcomatoid neoplasm lacking epithelial marker expression (AE1/AE3, EMA, p63, and CAM5.2) and positive for VIM, SMA, caldesmon, and calponin. Based on the patient’s oncologic history and immunohistochemical profile, a diagnosis of SpCC was established. This case highlights the potential for histological transformation and diagnostic challenges in long-term survivors of head and neck SpCC.</p>

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Progressive Sarcomatoid Acquisition in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Landscape in a Long-Term Follow-Up Case

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月6日

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  • Moisés Willian Aparecido Gonçalves,
  • Gustavo de Souza Vieira,
  • Nívia Castro Binda,
  • Natália Vital Gonçalves,
  • Carlos Takahiro Chone,
  • Arthur Antolini-Tavares,
  • Albina Altemani,
  • Fernanda Viviane Mariano

摘要

Spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC), also known as sarcomatoid carcinoma, is a rare and aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) that contains a biphasic pattern, with conventional SCC and spindle cell components. We report the case of a 63-year-old female patient with a history of alcohol and tobacco use who was diagnosed in May 2018 with well-differentiated SCC of the tongue and treated with partial glossectomy, cervical lymphadenectomy, and adjuvant radiotherapy. In May 2023, the patient developed a recurrence in the right retromolar trigone, confirmed as moderately differentiated SCC and managed surgically with segmental mandibulectomy. Two years later, in May 2025, a rapidly enlarging lesion in the right floor of the mouth was diagnosed as SpCC. Histopathology revealed a sarcomatoid neoplasm lacking epithelial marker expression (AE1/AE3, EMA, p63, and CAM5.2) and positive for VIM, SMA, caldesmon, and calponin. Based on the patient’s oncologic history and immunohistochemical profile, a diagnosis of SpCC was established. This case highlights the potential for histological transformation and diagnostic challenges in long-term survivors of head and neck SpCC.