Purpose <p>Myositis ossificans (MO) is a rare disorder that poses a dilemma for the treating surgeon. The purpose of the present systematic review is to give an insight on controversies on treatment of MO of masseter muscle and its outcome.</p> Methods <p>The authors designed a systematic review following PRISMA-Guidelines. A systematic search was performed through PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar and the Cochrane library database from 1980 to 2024. The articles reporting MO of masseter muscle were included as study subjects. The data collected were the type of study, number of cases, age and gender of the patients, potential etiology, treatment applied and its outcome (recurrence/no recurrence). The data was recorded on an excel spreadsheet.</p> Results <p>A total of 34 articles were found reporting the MO of masseter muscle as per the inclusion criteria, which were all case reports. The number of patients were 36 and the number of joints were 41 (5 patients had bilateral involvement of masseter). Male dominance (M: F = 3:1) was seen. The age range was 5 to 64 years (mean = 31.02-years). Trauma was seen as the most common potential etiology in 25 (69.44%) patients. Surgical excision was applied in 31 patients, observation in 4 patients, and the treatment was not clearly reported in 1 patient. Out of 31 patients treated surgically, success/no recurrence was observed in 24 patients (77.41%). Whereas recurrence was observed in 2 (6.4%) patients and the outcome was not clearly reported in 5 (16.12%) patients.</p> Conclusion <p>The literature suggests that surgical excision is a highly effective modality for the traumatica variety, whereas conservative management is indicated for the progressiva variety of myositis ossificans.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>