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Background <p>Severe maxillofacial trauma often involves multiple thirds of the facial skeleton. While “panfacial” strictly implies involvement of the upper, middle, and lower thirds, many complex injuries involve only two thirds yet pose similar rehabilitation challenges.</p> Objective <p>To evaluate postoperative Quality of Life (QoL) and functional outcomes (occlusion and mouth opening) following Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) for complex multiple facial fractures.</p> Methods <p>A retrospective cohort of 174 patients treated between 2020 and 2025 was analysed. Inclusion criteria encompassed patients with fractures involving at least two thirds of the facial skeleton. Patients were stratified into “True Panfacial” (all three thirds) and “Multiple Facial” categories. Clinical parameters (Maximum Interincisal Opening [MIO], occlusion status) and QoL metrics (OHIP-14, FDI, HADS) were assessed at 6 and 12 months.</p> Results <p>The cohort included 143 (82%) patients with concomitant mandibular fractures and 31 (18%) with complex mid-face/upper-face trauma. MIO improved significantly from a preoperative mean of 18.4 ± 4.2&#xa0;mm to 38.6 ± 3.5&#xa0;mm at 12 months (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Satisfactory occlusion was achieved in 91% of patients. Mean OHIP-14 scores improved from 29.3 ± 8.7&#xa0;mm to 17.6 ± 6.1&#xa0;mm (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p> Conclusion <p>ORIF significantly restores function and QoL in complex facial trauma. While anatomical reduction is the surgical priority, the restoration of functional occlusion and mouth opening serves as the strongest predictor for long-term psychosocial recovery.</p>

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Quality of Life Following Open Reduction and Internal Fixation for Multiple Facial Fractures: A Retrospective Cohort Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月16日

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  • Chandrashekhar Chattopadhyay,
  • Vikas Deo,
  • Charu Chouhan,
  • Mamta Patel,
  • Ayush Garg,
  • Priti Airun

摘要

Background

Severe maxillofacial trauma often involves multiple thirds of the facial skeleton. While “panfacial” strictly implies involvement of the upper, middle, and lower thirds, many complex injuries involve only two thirds yet pose similar rehabilitation challenges.

Objective

To evaluate postoperative Quality of Life (QoL) and functional outcomes (occlusion and mouth opening) following Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) for complex multiple facial fractures.

Methods

A retrospective cohort of 174 patients treated between 2020 and 2025 was analysed. Inclusion criteria encompassed patients with fractures involving at least two thirds of the facial skeleton. Patients were stratified into “True Panfacial” (all three thirds) and “Multiple Facial” categories. Clinical parameters (Maximum Interincisal Opening [MIO], occlusion status) and QoL metrics (OHIP-14, FDI, HADS) were assessed at 6 and 12 months.

Results

The cohort included 143 (82%) patients with concomitant mandibular fractures and 31 (18%) with complex mid-face/upper-face trauma. MIO improved significantly from a preoperative mean of 18.4 ± 4.2 mm to 38.6 ± 3.5 mm at 12 months (p < 0.001). Satisfactory occlusion was achieved in 91% of patients. Mean OHIP-14 scores improved from 29.3 ± 8.7 mm to 17.6 ± 6.1 mm (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

ORIF significantly restores function and QoL in complex facial trauma. While anatomical reduction is the surgical priority, the restoration of functional occlusion and mouth opening serves as the strongest predictor for long-term psychosocial recovery.