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Background <p>Congenital epulis, is a rare, benign lesion of the oral cavity that occurs exclusively in neonates. Although benign, its size and location can interfere with feeding and respiration, often prompting early intervention.</p> Case Presentation <p>Case of a 10-day-old female neonate presenting with a nodular mass on the anterior maxillary alveolar ridge since birth was reported. The lesion, measuring approximately 3.0 × 1.5 × 1.0&#xa0;cm, caused feeding difficulty but did not impair respiration. Surgical excision under local anaesthesia was performed. Histopathological examination revealed polygonal cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei, consistent with congenital epulis.</p> Discussion <p>Prenatal detection of congenital epulis via ultrasonography or MRI is rare but possible. Histologically, the absence of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and S-100 protein staining distinguishes it from adult granular cell tumours. Immunoreactivity for vimentin and NSE supports a mesenchymal or neuroectodermal origin. Despite uncertain histogenesis, surgical excision is curative, with no reported recurrence or malignant transformation.</p> Conclusion <p>Congenital epulis is a rare but benign neonatal lesion requiring prompt clinical recognition to avoid unnecessary alarm and enable appropriate surgical management. Awareness of its clinical and histopathological features is crucial for accurate diagnosis and optimal care.</p>

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Neumann’s Tumor (Congenital Epulis): A Rare Oral Lesion of Newborn and Its Management

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月3日

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  • Deepika Kheriwal,
  • Ruchi Singhal,
  • Virendra Singh,
  • Anjali Narwal,
  • Ritu Namdev

摘要

Background

Congenital epulis, is a rare, benign lesion of the oral cavity that occurs exclusively in neonates. Although benign, its size and location can interfere with feeding and respiration, often prompting early intervention.

Case Presentation

Case of a 10-day-old female neonate presenting with a nodular mass on the anterior maxillary alveolar ridge since birth was reported. The lesion, measuring approximately 3.0 × 1.5 × 1.0 cm, caused feeding difficulty but did not impair respiration. Surgical excision under local anaesthesia was performed. Histopathological examination revealed polygonal cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei, consistent with congenital epulis.

Discussion

Prenatal detection of congenital epulis via ultrasonography or MRI is rare but possible. Histologically, the absence of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and S-100 protein staining distinguishes it from adult granular cell tumours. Immunoreactivity for vimentin and NSE supports a mesenchymal or neuroectodermal origin. Despite uncertain histogenesis, surgical excision is curative, with no reported recurrence or malignant transformation.

Conclusion

Congenital epulis is a rare but benign neonatal lesion requiring prompt clinical recognition to avoid unnecessary alarm and enable appropriate surgical management. Awareness of its clinical and histopathological features is crucial for accurate diagnosis and optimal care.