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Introduction <p>Hypermobility of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) occurs when the mandibular condyle dislocates beyond the articular eminence during mouth opening, causing discomfort and functional limitations.</p> Materials and Methods <p>This prospective cohort study evaluated two treatment protocols: isolated prolotherapy versus prolotherapy combined with arthrocentesis.</p> Results <p>Twenty-eight patients with TMJ hypermobility were treated between October 2021 and December 2023. Fourteen patients received three sessions of 10% dextrose prolotherapy alone, while fourteen received prolotherapy followed by arthrocentesis. Primary outcomes included TMJ pain (VAS), joint sounds, open locking episodes (OLE), and maximal interincisal opening (MIO). Both treatments demonstrated significant clinical improvement (85.7% success rate), with no statistically significant differences between groups for pain reduction, joint sounds, or locking episodes. The combined treatment group showed reduced MIO compared to prolotherapy alone.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings suggest prolotherapy alone is effective for managing TMJ hypermobility, with similar outcomes to combination therapy. Adding arthrocentesis did not provide additional benefits and may be unnecessary, potentially simplifying treatment protocols.</p>

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Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Hypermobility: A Prospective Cohort Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月7日

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  • Luiza Vale Coelho,
  • Guilherme Veloso Ramos,
  • Bruno Cesar Parpinelli,
  • Clarina Louis Silva Meira,
  • Roger Lanes Silveira,
  • Marcio Bruno Figueiredo Amaral

摘要

Introduction

Hypermobility of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) occurs when the mandibular condyle dislocates beyond the articular eminence during mouth opening, causing discomfort and functional limitations.

Materials and Methods

This prospective cohort study evaluated two treatment protocols: isolated prolotherapy versus prolotherapy combined with arthrocentesis.

Results

Twenty-eight patients with TMJ hypermobility were treated between October 2021 and December 2023. Fourteen patients received three sessions of 10% dextrose prolotherapy alone, while fourteen received prolotherapy followed by arthrocentesis. Primary outcomes included TMJ pain (VAS), joint sounds, open locking episodes (OLE), and maximal interincisal opening (MIO). Both treatments demonstrated significant clinical improvement (85.7% success rate), with no statistically significant differences between groups for pain reduction, joint sounds, or locking episodes. The combined treatment group showed reduced MIO compared to prolotherapy alone.

Conclusions

These findings suggest prolotherapy alone is effective for managing TMJ hypermobility, with similar outcomes to combination therapy. Adding arthrocentesis did not provide additional benefits and may be unnecessary, potentially simplifying treatment protocols.