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Background <p>Unicystic ameloblastoma is an infrequent odontogenic neoplasm that primarily impacts the jaw, exhibiting a notable incidence within pediatric demographics. This case report delineates the clinical progression of a 12-year-old male patient who received a diagnosis of unicystic ameloblastoma, underscoring the criticality of precise diagnostic measures and suitable therapeutic strategies in younger individuals. Initially misdiagnosed as a dentigerous cyst, the lesion presented as a unilocular radiolucency within the mandibular anterior region, a characteristic radiographic manifestation commonly associated with various jaw tumors. This underscores the necessity for an exhaustive differential diagnosis when faced with analogous clinical presentations. Treatment modalities for unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) encompass segmental resection, which, although more invasive, is associated with a low recurrence rate of 3.6%, and enucleation, a less invasive alternative with a higher recurrence rate approximating 30.5%. Marsupialization, a conservative approach, facilitates lesion size reduction while safeguarding bone integrity, with a recurrence rate of 18%. Published reports indicate that unicystic ameloblastomas occur more frequently in children and advise starting with relatively conservative treatment, reserving more aggressive approaches for any recurrences Al-Khateeb and Ababneh (J Oral Maxillofacial Surg, 61, 13–18, 2003), Ord et al. (J Oral Maxillofacial Surg, 60, 762–770, 2002). The combination of marsupialization and enucleation may yield improved clinical outcomes. An incisional biopsy is indispensable for establishing a definitive diagnosis and directing appropriate treatment based on histopathological analysis.</p>

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Unicystic Ameloblastoma in Childhood: A Rare Case in a Pediatric Patient with Comprehensive Literature Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月22日

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  • Subham Kumar Sinha,
  • Asutosh Das

摘要

Background

Unicystic ameloblastoma is an infrequent odontogenic neoplasm that primarily impacts the jaw, exhibiting a notable incidence within pediatric demographics. This case report delineates the clinical progression of a 12-year-old male patient who received a diagnosis of unicystic ameloblastoma, underscoring the criticality of precise diagnostic measures and suitable therapeutic strategies in younger individuals. Initially misdiagnosed as a dentigerous cyst, the lesion presented as a unilocular radiolucency within the mandibular anterior region, a characteristic radiographic manifestation commonly associated with various jaw tumors. This underscores the necessity for an exhaustive differential diagnosis when faced with analogous clinical presentations. Treatment modalities for unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) encompass segmental resection, which, although more invasive, is associated with a low recurrence rate of 3.6%, and enucleation, a less invasive alternative with a higher recurrence rate approximating 30.5%. Marsupialization, a conservative approach, facilitates lesion size reduction while safeguarding bone integrity, with a recurrence rate of 18%. Published reports indicate that unicystic ameloblastomas occur more frequently in children and advise starting with relatively conservative treatment, reserving more aggressive approaches for any recurrences Al-Khateeb and Ababneh (J Oral Maxillofacial Surg, 61, 13–18, 2003), Ord et al. (J Oral Maxillofacial Surg, 60, 762–770, 2002). The combination of marsupialization and enucleation may yield improved clinical outcomes. An incisional biopsy is indispensable for establishing a definitive diagnosis and directing appropriate treatment based on histopathological analysis.