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Introduction <p>SOX2 is expressed early in embryonic development where it plays an essential role in the emergence of the pluripotency. SOX2 is a tumour-promoting factor that controls tumour growth and metastasis by preserving the stemness of cancer cells. It also controls drug resistance, invasion, migration, and apoptosis of cancer cells. Thus, the present study was designed with the objective to evaluate the immunoexpression of SOX2 in OED (oral epithelial dysplasia) and OSCC (oral squamous cell carcinoma).</p> Materials and Method <p>A retrospective analysis consisting of 20 cases of histologically confirmed OED and 20 OSCC samples was done. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect SOX2 expression (qualitative, mean labelling index, and topography). Lymphocytic host response (LHR), which is one of the histological prognostic indicators, was also correlated SOX2 immunoexpression.</p> Results <p>The mean labelling index of SOX2 immunoexpression was more in OSCC (25.22) as compared to OED (16.9). Further, a significant increase in SOX2 immunoexpression was observed from mild (5.78) to severe dysplasia (29.9) and from WDSCC (17.33) to MDSCC-PDSCC (48.9). SOX2 was expressed in basal and parabasal layer in OED whereas most OSCC cases showed positivity in peripheral and diffuse manner. Further, SOX2 immunoexpression was significantly correlated to LHR, wherein weak immunoexpression was seen with strong LHR in OSCC.</p> Conclusion <p>The success rate of newly developed CSC-targeted strategies is obscured by the insufficiency in reliable biomarkers for CSCs detection.&#xa0;Thereby, in such scenarios, SOX2 can aid in assessing the CSC property of varying grades of cancer cells.</p>

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Analysing the Stemness of Pluripotent Cells by Immunoexpression of SOX2 in Varying Grades of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月17日

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  • Mansi Mishra,
  • Nikita Gulati,
  • Devi Charan Shetty,
  • Anshi Jain,
  • Shefali Yadav,
  • Shanvi Kumari

摘要

Introduction

SOX2 is expressed early in embryonic development where it plays an essential role in the emergence of the pluripotency. SOX2 is a tumour-promoting factor that controls tumour growth and metastasis by preserving the stemness of cancer cells. It also controls drug resistance, invasion, migration, and apoptosis of cancer cells. Thus, the present study was designed with the objective to evaluate the immunoexpression of SOX2 in OED (oral epithelial dysplasia) and OSCC (oral squamous cell carcinoma).

Materials and Method

A retrospective analysis consisting of 20 cases of histologically confirmed OED and 20 OSCC samples was done. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect SOX2 expression (qualitative, mean labelling index, and topography). Lymphocytic host response (LHR), which is one of the histological prognostic indicators, was also correlated SOX2 immunoexpression.

Results

The mean labelling index of SOX2 immunoexpression was more in OSCC (25.22) as compared to OED (16.9). Further, a significant increase in SOX2 immunoexpression was observed from mild (5.78) to severe dysplasia (29.9) and from WDSCC (17.33) to MDSCC-PDSCC (48.9). SOX2 was expressed in basal and parabasal layer in OED whereas most OSCC cases showed positivity in peripheral and diffuse manner. Further, SOX2 immunoexpression was significantly correlated to LHR, wherein weak immunoexpression was seen with strong LHR in OSCC.

Conclusion

The success rate of newly developed CSC-targeted strategies is obscured by the insufficiency in reliable biomarkers for CSCs detection. Thereby, in such scenarios, SOX2 can aid in assessing the CSC property of varying grades of cancer cells.