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Background <p>Airway obstruction has been reported to be the commonest cause of mortality in Ludwig’s angina (LA). To the best of our knowledge, it appears that its prevalence and risk factors have not been properly documented in the literature.</p> Aim <p>The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of airway obstruction and its risk factors in patients with LA. </p> Material and Methods <p>All cases of LA diagnosed and managed in the oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic of our hospital in Nigeria, from 2013 to 2023, were retrospectively analysed. Data were extracted from the case notes of the patients. The data collected were age, sex, occupation, marital status, level of education, place of residence, medical conditions and airway obstruction. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 23.0 software (IBM, Armonk, New York). A value of <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05 was considered significant. </p> Results <p>Altogether, 50 patients with LA were seen and treated. The age range was 36–80&#xa0;years with a mean age of 57.2 ± 15.3&#xa0;years. There were 27 (64%) males and 23 (46%) females. Airway compromise was observed in 28 patients with a prevalence of 56%. Age, gender, occupation, place of residence and medical condition significantly contributed to this observed prevalence of airway compromise (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). The patients with diabetes mellitus were 7.82 (C.I = 1.29–47.3, <i>P</i> = 0.04) more likely to develop airway compromise compared to those with hypertension alone or without any co-morbidities. </p> Conclusion <p>The prevalence of airway compromise was relatively high in patients with LA, and diabetic mellitus was a risk factor in these patients. </p>

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Airway Complication in Patients with Ludwig’s Angina in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: A 10-Year Retrospective Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月21日

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  • Ekaniyere Benlance Edetanlen,
  • B. D. Saheeb

摘要

Background

Airway obstruction has been reported to be the commonest cause of mortality in Ludwig’s angina (LA). To the best of our knowledge, it appears that its prevalence and risk factors have not been properly documented in the literature.

Aim

The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of airway obstruction and its risk factors in patients with LA.

Material and Methods

All cases of LA diagnosed and managed in the oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic of our hospital in Nigeria, from 2013 to 2023, were retrospectively analysed. Data were extracted from the case notes of the patients. The data collected were age, sex, occupation, marital status, level of education, place of residence, medical conditions and airway obstruction. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 23.0 software (IBM, Armonk, New York). A value of P < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results

Altogether, 50 patients with LA were seen and treated. The age range was 36–80 years with a mean age of 57.2 ± 15.3 years. There were 27 (64%) males and 23 (46%) females. Airway compromise was observed in 28 patients with a prevalence of 56%. Age, gender, occupation, place of residence and medical condition significantly contributed to this observed prevalence of airway compromise (P < 0.05). The patients with diabetes mellitus were 7.82 (C.I = 1.29–47.3, P = 0.04) more likely to develop airway compromise compared to those with hypertension alone or without any co-morbidities.

Conclusion

The prevalence of airway compromise was relatively high in patients with LA, and diabetic mellitus was a risk factor in these patients.