Evaluating the Impact of Specialized Tracheostomy Ward (STW) on Decannulation Times of Surgical Tracheostomy and Length of Hospital Stay in Surgically Treated Head and Neck Cancer Patients

Tracheostomy is a common procedure in head and neck cancer surgical treatment, entailing substantial financial and healthcare burdens. This prospective study examines the impact of specialized tracheostomy ward (STW) on decannulation times (DT) and length of hospital stay (LOS).

A specialized tracheostomy care unit was established, incorporating educational, patient-centric, and organizational interventions. Data from 88 head and neck surgery patients who underwent tracheostomy were analyzed. Key variables included sex, age, DT, and LOS.

STW reduced DT, with significant differences between male and female patients (7.92 vs. 11.82 days) (p =  < 0.05). LOS was also longer for STW-treated females as compared to male (8.81 vs 11.07). Elderly patients experienced longer DT 11.38 vs 7.62 days (p = 0.029) but similar LOS (p < 0.19).

STW significantly improved DT and vocalization times, reducing critical incidents and maintenance costs as compared to historical cohorts documented in the literature. Moreover, it enhanced patient outcomes and bed turnover rates, underscoring the importance of specialized tracheostomy care units in head and neck cancer management.