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Introduction <p>Physically disabled children often suffer from functional impairments in the lower limbs, including balance limitations. As balance is a&#xa0;significant prerequisite for physical activity, balance impairments should be counteracted by adequate supportive therapy options like balance training (BT). This review aims to summarize findings on effects on balance, training concepts and modalities from studies on BT in children and adolescents with chronic disabilities.</p> Methods <p>Following the latest preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a&#xa0;systematic literature search was performed. Predefined keywords were used following the PICOS (populations; intervention; comparison/control; outcomes; study design) approach. Relevant information of potential effects of BT on balance as well as BT concepts and modalities were extracted.</p> Results <p>A&#xa0;total of 38&#xa0;studies were included. While most studies were conducted with children with cerebral palsy and developmental coordination disorder, exergames, balance platform systems and static/dynamic exercises with gym material were the most frequently assessed forms of BT. Study designs and training protocols suggest an intervention duration of 8–12&#xa0;weeks with 2–3 training sessions per week. The majority of studies present positive effects of different types of BT on balance.</p> Conclusion <p>BT is already commonly implemented in children and adolescents with chronic disabilities. Studies present promising results on balance and implement training concepts and modalities that could also be relevant for other pediatric patient groups. The review provides the basis for expansion of further research in pediatrics.</p>

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Balance training in children and adolescents with chronic disabilities—a systematic review on a targeted training modality

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月7日

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  • Sarah Otten,
  • Theresa Kömpel,
  • Vanessa Oschwald,
  • Melanie Reitz,
  • Wilhelm Bloch,
  • Julia Däggelmann

摘要

Introduction

Physically disabled children often suffer from functional impairments in the lower limbs, including balance limitations. As balance is a significant prerequisite for physical activity, balance impairments should be counteracted by adequate supportive therapy options like balance training (BT). This review aims to summarize findings on effects on balance, training concepts and modalities from studies on BT in children and adolescents with chronic disabilities.

Methods

Following the latest preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic literature search was performed. Predefined keywords were used following the PICOS (populations; intervention; comparison/control; outcomes; study design) approach. Relevant information of potential effects of BT on balance as well as BT concepts and modalities were extracted.

Results

A total of 38 studies were included. While most studies were conducted with children with cerebral palsy and developmental coordination disorder, exergames, balance platform systems and static/dynamic exercises with gym material were the most frequently assessed forms of BT. Study designs and training protocols suggest an intervention duration of 8–12 weeks with 2–3 training sessions per week. The majority of studies present positive effects of different types of BT on balance.

Conclusion

BT is already commonly implemented in children and adolescents with chronic disabilities. Studies present promising results on balance and implement training concepts and modalities that could also be relevant for other pediatric patient groups. The review provides the basis for expansion of further research in pediatrics.