<p>In the context of sustainable urban mobility, decision-making frameworks are critical for assessing strategies that align with environmental goals. In this paper, we adopt the Pythagorean fuzzy decision-making framework for evaluating alternative strategies in urban mobility, with a specific focus on integrating digital carbon footprint metrics. The Pythagorean fuzzy set theory, which offers greater flexibility in handling uncertainty and ambiguity than traditional fuzzy sets, is employed to model urban mobility challenges’ complex and uncertain nature. On the other hand, a novel similarity measure for PFSs is introduced. The current similarity measure adheres to the general axioms of similarity measures. The proposed framework considers multiple economic, environmental, and social criteria, enabling a comprehensive assessment of mobility strategies. By incorporating digital carbon footprint data, the framework provides an advanced mechanism to quantify and compare the environmental impacts of various alternatives. The methodology is validated through numerical experimentation, demonstrating its applicability and effectiveness. The study introduces an improved similarity measure for Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PFSs) to address limitations in existing methods, validated through comparative analysis. Furthermore, a modified WASPAS approach under PFSs is proposed, integrating digital carbon footprint metrics to enable robust multi-criteria evaluation of urban mobility strategies, supported by sensitivity and empirical analyses.</p>