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Purpose <p>Phenolic compounds exhibit versatile roles such as inhibitors, activators, or neutral reagents for the bioconversion of lignocellulose. The mechanism is complicated and controversial.</p> Methods <p>This study investigated the effects of five representative phenolic compounds (ferulic acid, vanillin, 4-vinylphenol, vanillic acid, and p-coumaric acid) on cellulase activity and the enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) of pure cellulose and KOH-urea treated rice straw (RS).</p> Results and Conclusion <p>With increasing of phenolic concentrations, the EH efficiency of pure cellulose gradually decreased, whereas that of KOH-urea treated RS initially increased and then declined. The influence of phenolic compounds on EH was found to be substrate-dependent, and showed negligible correlation with their impact on cellulase activities. Phenolic compounds appear to inhibit the EH of pure cellulose through competitive binding with cellulase and acceleration of cellulase aggregation. In contrast, for treated lignocellulose, these compounds exhibited a concentration-dependent effect on the EH via impacting the existing status of cellulase on the substrate surface. This work provides valuable insights for optimizing detoxification strategies and developing efficient EH technologies for lignocellulosic feedstocks.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Substrate-Dependent Behavior of Phenolic Compounds on Impacting Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulosic Substrates

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Yuehang Cui,
  • Wen Wang,
  • Cuiyi Liang,
  • Shiyou Xing,
  • Yu Zhang,
  • Wei Liu,
  • Wei Qi

摘要

Purpose

Phenolic compounds exhibit versatile roles such as inhibitors, activators, or neutral reagents for the bioconversion of lignocellulose. The mechanism is complicated and controversial.

Methods

This study investigated the effects of five representative phenolic compounds (ferulic acid, vanillin, 4-vinylphenol, vanillic acid, and p-coumaric acid) on cellulase activity and the enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) of pure cellulose and KOH-urea treated rice straw (RS).

Results and Conclusion

With increasing of phenolic concentrations, the EH efficiency of pure cellulose gradually decreased, whereas that of KOH-urea treated RS initially increased and then declined. The influence of phenolic compounds on EH was found to be substrate-dependent, and showed negligible correlation with their impact on cellulase activities. Phenolic compounds appear to inhibit the EH of pure cellulose through competitive binding with cellulase and acceleration of cellulase aggregation. In contrast, for treated lignocellulose, these compounds exhibited a concentration-dependent effect on the EH via impacting the existing status of cellulase on the substrate surface. This work provides valuable insights for optimizing detoxification strategies and developing efficient EH technologies for lignocellulosic feedstocks.

Graphical Abstract