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Purpose <p>The study presents an innovative approach to harness the potential of lignocellulosic waste biomass for the development of superabsorbent polymer (SAP), a soil-moisture enhancing material with proven environmental benefits. It aims to highlight the potential of bio-based SAPs as soil amendments for mitigating water scarcity in agricultural applications.</p> Methods <p>The present study developed two different SAPs (BM-SAP and BC-SAP) through graft polymerization technique utilizing waste biomass (BM) and biochar (BC) pyrolyzed from the same BM as a precursor, for improving the water retention capacity of soils.</p> Results <p>The BM-SAP exhibited high water absorption capacity (WAC) of 415&#xa0;g/g in deionized water and 330&#xa0;g/g in tap water, whereas BC-SAP showed WAC of 280&#xa0;g/g and 210&#xa0;g/g in deionized water and tap water, respectively. Moreover, the performance of BM-SAP was found to be superior in terms of higher swelling rate, better reswelling capacity, and lower salt sensitivity as compared to BC-SAP. The synthesized SAPs were mixed with two different agricultural soils (texture: Sand and Silt) at three concentrations (0.1%, 0.3% and 0.4%), which revealed that addition of 0.4% SAP can enhance the saturated water content (SWC) by 3 times and 1.5 times in sandy soil and silty soil, respectively.</p> Conclusion <p>The enhanced water retention capacity lead to higher desaturation time in SAP amended soils, which is indicative of longer irrigation time intervals. The transformative process not only presents a sustainable solution for agricultural waste management but also emphasizes the viability of bio-based materials in addressing water scarcity challenges.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Valorization of Agricultural Waste Biomass into High Performance Superabsorbent Polymers to Improve Water Retention Capacity of Soils

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月2日

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  • Madhav Dwivedi,
  • Bharat Rattan,
  • Abhisekh Saha,
  • Sreedeep Sekharan,
  • Uttam Manna

摘要

Purpose

The study presents an innovative approach to harness the potential of lignocellulosic waste biomass for the development of superabsorbent polymer (SAP), a soil-moisture enhancing material with proven environmental benefits. It aims to highlight the potential of bio-based SAPs as soil amendments for mitigating water scarcity in agricultural applications.

Methods

The present study developed two different SAPs (BM-SAP and BC-SAP) through graft polymerization technique utilizing waste biomass (BM) and biochar (BC) pyrolyzed from the same BM as a precursor, for improving the water retention capacity of soils.

Results

The BM-SAP exhibited high water absorption capacity (WAC) of 415 g/g in deionized water and 330 g/g in tap water, whereas BC-SAP showed WAC of 280 g/g and 210 g/g in deionized water and tap water, respectively. Moreover, the performance of BM-SAP was found to be superior in terms of higher swelling rate, better reswelling capacity, and lower salt sensitivity as compared to BC-SAP. The synthesized SAPs were mixed with two different agricultural soils (texture: Sand and Silt) at three concentrations (0.1%, 0.3% and 0.4%), which revealed that addition of 0.4% SAP can enhance the saturated water content (SWC) by 3 times and 1.5 times in sandy soil and silty soil, respectively.

Conclusion

The enhanced water retention capacity lead to higher desaturation time in SAP amended soils, which is indicative of longer irrigation time intervals. The transformative process not only presents a sustainable solution for agricultural waste management but also emphasizes the viability of bio-based materials in addressing water scarcity challenges.

Graphical Abstract