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<p>The pressing problem of water pollution is compounded by excess wastewater production and negligent discharge practices. Moreover, existing wastewater treatment technologies are resource, energy and cost-intensive processes, requiring multiple engineered systems. Therefore, the present study was aimed towards developing an effective single-chambered microalgae doped bioprocess technology for rapid, efficient, and sustainable wastewater treatment. In this context, <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> doped bioprocess has been developed against domestic sewage. Standard water quality parameters including BOD, dissolved oxygen, faecal coliform removal, pH and algal growth parameters including biomass concentration, pigment concentration, flocculation efficiency were measured to determine the rate and extent of purification as well as the role of microalgae doping. The results revealed a demonstrable improvement in water quality parameters within microalgae doped systems within a short period (Day 0–6). Approximately 60% BOD removal, near maximum 95% faecal coliform removal, significant increase of dissolved oxygen concentration (~ 7–8 ppm) and pH (&gt; pH 9). Algal productivity increased concurrently (~ 1.4 gm/L biomass concentration, elevated chlorophyll a, b and total carotenoids concentration). Interestingly microalgae cells demonstrated rapid self-flocculation-cum-settling post bioprocess completion. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that microalgae were embedded within bio-aggregates composed of extracellular polymeric materials. This bio-aggregate microenvironment provided a stable niche within the hostile conditions of wastewater and enhanced metabolic activity, which contribute towards the enhanced wastewater purification and this innovative bioprocess may be implemented and scaled up.</p> Graphical abract <p></p>

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Bio-aggregate Dynamics: A Key Driving Force for Microalgae Doped Wastewater Treatment Technology Within Single Chambered Photobioreactor

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月4日

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  • Sumit Kumar Mondal,
  • Shiba Prasad Kar,
  • Romit Mitra,
  • Alakesh Maity,
  • Aditya Shukla,
  • Prosun Tribedi,
  • Anirban Das Gupta

摘要

The pressing problem of water pollution is compounded by excess wastewater production and negligent discharge practices. Moreover, existing wastewater treatment technologies are resource, energy and cost-intensive processes, requiring multiple engineered systems. Therefore, the present study was aimed towards developing an effective single-chambered microalgae doped bioprocess technology for rapid, efficient, and sustainable wastewater treatment. In this context, Chlorella vulgaris doped bioprocess has been developed against domestic sewage. Standard water quality parameters including BOD, dissolved oxygen, faecal coliform removal, pH and algal growth parameters including biomass concentration, pigment concentration, flocculation efficiency were measured to determine the rate and extent of purification as well as the role of microalgae doping. The results revealed a demonstrable improvement in water quality parameters within microalgae doped systems within a short period (Day 0–6). Approximately 60% BOD removal, near maximum 95% faecal coliform removal, significant increase of dissolved oxygen concentration (~ 7–8 ppm) and pH (> pH 9). Algal productivity increased concurrently (~ 1.4 gm/L biomass concentration, elevated chlorophyll a, b and total carotenoids concentration). Interestingly microalgae cells demonstrated rapid self-flocculation-cum-settling post bioprocess completion. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that microalgae were embedded within bio-aggregates composed of extracellular polymeric materials. This bio-aggregate microenvironment provided a stable niche within the hostile conditions of wastewater and enhanced metabolic activity, which contribute towards the enhanced wastewater purification and this innovative bioprocess may be implemented and scaled up.

Graphical abract